肥胖患者的代谢表型:对饮食预防的影响
Ellen E Blaak1, Gijs H Goossens2
1Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center+, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands. e.blaak@maastrichtuniversity.nl.
Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders
|August 15, 2023
概括
精准营养根据个体代谢表型 (代谢类型) 量身定制饮食策略,以对抗肥胖和相关的慢性疾病. 专注于特定的代谢类型,而不是单独减肥,可以改善心脏代谢健康并预防疾病的进展.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 代谢健康 代谢健康
- 个性化医疗是个性化的医疗.
背景情况:
- 肥胖与心脏代谢疾病风险增加有关,但有些人表现出代谢健康的肥胖 (MHO).
- 代谢不健康的肥胖 (MUO) 表示更高的风险,MHO可能是一个暂时的状态.
- 组织胰岛素抵抗 (IR) 的元型代表了导致2型糖尿病 (T2D) 和心血管疾病 (CVD) 的独特途径.
研究的目的:
- 对肥胖中不同代谢表型的精准营养方法进行审查.
- 讨论MHO背后的机制和防止向MUO过渡的策略.
- 探索 IR 组织元类型在不同的饮食反应和心脏代谢健康中的作用.
主要方法:
- 关于肥胖,代谢表型和精准营养的当前文献的综述.
- 对代谢健康肥胖 (MHO) 的潜在机制及其过渡到代谢不健康肥胖 (MUO) 的分析.
- 讨论组织胰岛素抵抗 (IR) 的代谢类型及其对饮食干预措施的反应.
主要成果:
- 代谢上健康的肥胖 (MHO) 可能是一个暂时的状态,突出了干预的需要,可能优先考虑代谢上不健康的肥胖 (MUO) 以节省成本.
- 组织胰岛素抵抗 (IR) 代类型对饮食的反应不同,这表明巨量营养素调节可以改善心脏代谢健康.
- 生活方式干预,而不仅仅是减肥,对于改善心脏代谢健康至关重要,特别是当针对特定的代谢类型时.
结论:
- 精确营养,针对不同的代谢表型 (metabotypes),为预防和管理T2D和CVD等慢性代谢疾病提供了更有效的策略.
- 根据组织胰岛素抵抗 (IR) 代谢类型量身定制的饮食干预措施可以改善心脏代谢健康,无论体重明显减轻.
- 未来的前性试验对于建立实施精密营养在慢性疾病预防中的知识基础至关重要,考虑到年龄,性别和微生物因素.
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