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Updated: Jul 19, 2025

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在减少不确定性过程中对价值依赖的信念和价值更新的神经相关:一项fNIRS研究

Xue-Rui Peng¹, Indra Bundil², Stefan Schulreich³

¹Chair of Lifespan Developmental Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Centre for Tactile Internet with Human-in-the-Loop, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.

|August 15, 2023

概括

年轻人在不确定性下的决策过程中选择性地更新信仰和价值观. 信息价值影响了这一更新,负面信息比积极信息重.

科学领域:

认知神经科学认知神经科学
决策科学决策科学决策科学
神经经济学神经经济学

背景情况:

适应性决策依赖于选择性地使用新信息来更新信念和价值观.
了解个人在减少不确定性期间如何处理信息价值对于解释行为和神经机制至关重要.

研究的目的:

调查信息价值对信念和价值更新在不确定性降低期间的影响.
通过使用功能近红外光谱学 (fNIRS) 检查这些更新过程的神经相关物.
使用贝叶斯框架建模行为和神经数据,以分离更新组件.

主要方法:

一个博竞价任务与fNIRS结合测量皮质活动.
贝叶斯模型用于分析主观价值观,信念和预期违反的变化.
基于模型和调节的分析,以链接行为和神经数据.

主要成果:

参与者更新了几乎最佳的信念和价值观,特别是当不确定性可以减少时.
更新依赖于价值:正面信息 (增加获胜概率) 没有加权,而负面信息则被适当加权.
违反预期导致了低于最佳的,取决于价值的价值更新,特别是在积极信息后.
在更新过程中,fNIRS数据揭示了前双相对脑区域的价值依赖性招募.

结论:

在不确定性降低过程中,预期违反在亚优价值依赖更新中发挥着重要作用.
这些发现表明,规范贝叶斯决策理论在充分解释人类在不确定性下的决策方面存在局限性.
这项研究为基于价值依赖的信息处理和决策的基础的神经机制提供了新的见解.

关键词:

模糊性模糊性模糊性不对称的更新.贝叶斯决策理论是贝叶斯的决策理论.在前面的平行叶皮层.风险风险风险风险风险统计推断的统计推断.取决于价值的依赖性

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