频率检测,频率区分和光谱时间模式感知在老年和年轻的听力正常的成年人
Duo-Duo Tao1, Bin Shi1, John J Galvin2,3
1Department of Ear, Nose, and Throat, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China.
Heliyon
|August 16, 2023
概括
衰老会损害频率感知,特别是在尾管的基底区域,甚至在正常听力的情况下也会影响语音理解. 与年轻人相比,老年人显示频率检测和光谱时间模式感知明显较差.
科学领域:
- 听觉神经科学 听觉神经科学
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 语音感知 语音感知
背景情况:
- 老年人经常报告说,他们难以理解语言.
- 与年龄相关的频率感知缺陷是潜在的原因,但尾管的区域差异 (尾与基底) 和对频率歧视与检测的影响仍然不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 调查耳区域之间频率感知与年龄相关的差异.
- 为了比较年长和年轻的成年人之间的频率歧视和检测能力.
- 评估衰老对光谱时间模式感知的影响.
主要方法:
- 测量了19名老年人 (61-74岁) 和20名年轻人 (22-28岁) 具有正常听觉的纯色频率值.
- 评估频率区分和检测频率变化.
- 使用光谱-时间调制波纹测试 (SMRT) 进行宽带光谱-时间模式感知.
主要成果:
- 对于这两个年龄组来说,基底耳区域的频率值比顶部区域差.
- 老年人表现出明显较差的频率值,特别是在基底区域 (3.9倍较差的检测).
- 在老年人中,光谱时间调制波纹测试 (SMRT) 值较差 (1.5倍),在基底区域观察到显著的年龄影响.
结论:
- 与年龄相关的频率感知缺陷在带的基底区域更为明显.
- 在老年人中,频率和光谱时间模式感知较差可能会导致语音理解困难,即使有正常的听力学值.
- 这些发现强调了考虑耳区域特异性缺陷的重要性,以了解与年龄相关的听力衰退.
相关概念视频
Perception of Sound Waves
4.5K
The human ear is not equally sensitive to all frequencies in the audible range. It may perceive sound waves with the same pressure but different frequencies as having different loudness. Moreover, the perception of sound waves depends on the health of an individual's ears, which decays with age. The health of one's ears may also be affected by regular exposure to loud noises.
The pitch of a sound depends on the frequency and the pressure amplitude of the source. Two sounds of the same...
The pitch of a sound depends on the frequency and the pressure amplitude of the source. Two sounds of the same...
4.5K
Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location
239
The human brain perceives pitch through two primary mechanisms reflected in place theory and frequency theory. Each mechanism describes how sound waves are interpreted as specific pitches by the brain, offering insights into the intricate processes of auditory perception.
Place theory, or place coding, suggests that different pitches are heard because various sound waves activate specific locations along the cochlea's basilar membrane. The brain determines the pitch of a sound by...
Place theory, or place coding, suggests that different pitches are heard because various sound waves activate specific locations along the cochlea's basilar membrane. The brain determines the pitch of a sound by...
239
Hearing
52.5K
When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
52.5K
The Cochlea
45.2K
The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.
45.2K
Auditory Perception
364
The auditory system is essential for sound perception, utilizing various critical structures. When sound waves enter the outer ear, they travel through the ear canal and cause the eardrum to vibrate. These vibrations are then transmitted to the middle ear, where three tiny bones – the malleus, incus, and stapes – amplify the sound. This amplification is crucial, as it ensures that the sound vibrations are strong enough to be conveyed to the inner ear. These vibrations then reach the...
364


