在葡萄糖负载之前立即口服林诺酸可以改善食后高血糖症
Yuta Yamamoto1, Katsuya Narumi2, Naoko Yamagishi1
1Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan.
Frontiers in pharmacology
|August 16, 2023
概括
酸 (LA) 的摄入减缓了食后高血糖症,通过减少通过葡萄糖样1 (GLP-1) 分泌的胃排空. 这种与GPR120通路相关的效应在健康老鼠和糖尿病老鼠中都被观察到.
科学领域:
- 内分泌学和新陈代谢学
- 营养科学 营养科学
- G蛋白结合受体 (GPR) 信号传递
背景情况:
- 脂肪酸是G-蛋白合受体 (GPRs) 的关键营养素和连接体,如GPR40和GPR120.
- GPR40激动剂改善葡萄糖刺激的胰岛素分泌,但GPR120激动剂对食后高血糖表现出有限的影响.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究双重GPR40/GPR120激动剂酸 (LA) 对食后高血糖的作用.
- 为了确定在葡萄糖负载之前口服LA的给药是否会影响大鼠的血糖水平.
主要方法:
- 在葡萄糖载荷之前,口服LA和其他脂肪酸或受体激动剂/对抗剂给雄性大鼠和链毒素诱导的糖尿病大鼠.
- 测量血糖,胃空气和葡萄糖样1 (GLP-1) 和胆囊托基宁度.
- 在CACO-2细胞中 [14C]α-MDG吸收的体外评估.
主要成果:
- 在健康的老鼠和糖尿病老鼠中,服用LA减缓了食后高血糖升高的速度,但没有增强胰岛素分泌.
- LA显著减缓了胃排空,增加了GLP-1水平,但没有胆囊托基宁水平,15分钟后的葡萄糖负载.
- GPR120激动剂TUG-891改善了高血糖症,而GPR40激动剂TAK-875没有;GPR120激动剂AH7614部分逆转了LA的影响.
结论:
- 口服LA改善了食后高血糖症,主要是通过通过GLP-1分泌减缓胃排空.
- 观察到的LA效应似乎通过GPR120信号通路进行介导.
相关概念视频
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: α-Glucosidase Inhibitors
206
α-glucosidase inhibitors, including acarbose (Precose), miglitol (Glyset), and voglibose (Voglib) (primarily available in Asia), are drugs that control blood sugar levels by delaying the digestion of starch and disaccharides. They achieve this by inhibiting α-glucosidase enzymes in the intestine, which slow the absorption of carbohydrates in the intestine, which in turn leads to a prolonged release of the glucoregulatory hormone GLP-1 from intestinal L-cells.
Acarbose and miglitol are...
Acarbose and miglitol are...
206
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Glinides
186
Repaglinide (Prandin) and Nateglinide (Starlix), known as glinides, are oral insulin secretagogues that stimulate insulin release from pancreatic β cells by closing the ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP channel). Repaglinide controls insulin release from pancreatic β cells by managing potassium efflux. It shares two binding sites with sulfonylureas and also has a unique site, indicating overlapping mechanisms of action. With a rapid onset and a 4-7 hour duration, it effectively...
186
Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists
358
Incretins include glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), which stimulate insulin secretion post-meals. In type 2 diabetes, GIP's efficacy is reduced, making GLP-1 a viable drug target. GIP originates from preproGIP.
GLP-1, when administered in high doses intravenously, triggers insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon release, slows gastric emptying, reduces food intake, and restores normal insulin secretion. However, its rapid inactivation by...
GLP-1, when administered in high doses intravenously, triggers insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon release, slows gastric emptying, reduces food intake, and restores normal insulin secretion. However, its rapid inactivation by...
358
Hypoglycemia and Glucagon
297
Without prolonged fasting, healthy individuals maintain blood glucose levels above 3.5 mM due to a well-adapted neuroendocrine counterregulatory system that effectively prevents acute hypoglycemia, a potentially life-threatening condition. The primary clinical scenarios for hypoglycemia encompass diabetes treatment, inappropriate production of endogenous insulin or insulin-like substances by tumors, and the use of glucose-lowering agents in non-diabetic individuals. Notably, hypoglycemia in the...
297
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Biguanides and Glitazones
234
Biguanides, particularly metformin (Glucophage), are insulin sensitizers that enhance glucose uptake, thereby reducing insulin resistance. Unlike sulfonylureas, metformin doesn't prompt insulin secretion, which helps to curb hypoglycemia risk. Metformin is beneficial in treating conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome due to its insulin-resistance reduction capability. The drug's primary action involves curtailing hepatic gluconeogenesis, a significant contributor to high blood...
234
Hormones Regulating Blood Glucose
3.5K
Insulin is released by beta cells of the pancreas when blood glucose levels are high. It facilitates glucose absorption and utilization in insulin-dependent cells with insulin receptors on their plasma membranes. Insulin promotes glucose uptake by increasing the number of glucose transport proteins in the cell membrane, allowing glucose to enter the cell. As a result, glucose utilization and ATP production are enhanced.
In addition to accelerating glucose uptake and utilization, insulin has...
In addition to accelerating glucose uptake and utilization, insulin has...
3.5K


