连续呈现的低对比度物体的可见性稳定:实验和神经场模型
Howard S Hock1,2, Gregor Schöner3,4
1Department of Psychology and the Center for Complex Systems and Brain Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA.
Journal of vision
|August 16, 2023
概括
视觉感知依赖于过去的事件. 自我激发和短期记忆稳定了对象的可见性,即使有不可预测的运动,也证明了对知觉的时间影响.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 认知科学 认知科学
- 视觉感知 视觉感知 视觉感知
背景情况:
- 自然界的事件以时间序列发生,每一个实例都受到先前事件的影响.
- 这个原则扩展到视觉感知,特别是对象的可见性.
- 了解影响可见性的因素对于认知和神经科学研究至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查时间序列对视觉对象可见性的影响.
- 确定自我激发和短期记忆在稳定可视性的作用.
- 模拟这些感知现象背后的神经动态.
主要方法:
- 进行了9次心理物理实验.
- 使用神经动态模拟.
- 测试了低对比度线段不可预测地移动的可见性.
- 分析了歇斯底里和切换概率.
主要成果:
- 发现自我激发和短期记忆能够稳定对象的可见性.
- 歇斯底里表现出对先前可见性状态的依赖.
- 适应减少了歇斯底里斯,表明自我激发的作用.
- 可见度"桥梁"证实了记忆在空白间隔中的贡献.
结论:
- 时间动态,包括自我激发和记忆,显著稳定视觉感知.
- 纳入适应和抑制的神经模型准确地预测了观察到的效应.
- 感知历史塑造未来的视觉体验,即使在不可预测的刺激.
相关概念视频
01:12Perceptual Constancy
441
Perceptual constancy is the ability to recognize that objects remain consistent and unchanged even when their appearance varies due to changes in sensory input. There are four main types of perceptual constancy: size constancy, shape constancy, color constancy, and brightness constancy.
Size constancy is the recognition that an object remains the same size, even when its image on the retina changes. For instance, a bus is perceived to be large enough to carry people, even if it looks tiny from...
Size constancy is the recognition that an object remains the same size, even when its image on the retina changes. For instance, a bus is perceived to be large enough to carry people, even if it looks tiny from...
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01:24Color Vision
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Color perception begins in the retina, the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye. Two main theories explain how colors are seen: the trichromatic theory and the opponent-process theory. The trichromatic theory, proposed by Thomas Young in 1802 and extended by Hermann von Helmholtz in 1852, suggests that color vision is based on three types of cone receptors in the retina. These cones are sensitive to different but overlapping ranges of wavelengths corresponding to red, blue, and green.
613