单一任务和运动认知双重任务对执行功能的直接和短期影响
Weibin Zhang1, Hua Liu2, Tong Zhang3
1School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, North Sichuan Medical College, Gaoping District, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, China.
PloS one
|August 16, 2023
概括
单任务和双任务干预措施都能增强执行职能. 虽然双重任务提高了双背的表现,但双重任务和认知训练都没有超过有氧运动的短期执行功能的好处.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 运动科学 运动科学
背景情况:
- 执行职能对于日常活动至关重要.
- 诸如有氧运动,认知训练和双重任务等干预措施可以影响执行功能.
- 了解这些干预措施的比较有效性是很重要的.
研究的目的:
- 研究单任务 (有氧运动,认知训练) 和双任务干预措施对执行功能的直接和短期影响.
- 为了确定双重任务干预措施是否比单一任务干预措施更有效地增强执行职能.
主要方法:
- 46名年轻男子被随机分配到有氧运动,认知训练或双重任务小组.
- 执行功能在干预前,干预后立即和干预后30分钟使用Go/No-go,2-back和More-Odd-Shifting测试进行评估.
- 统计分析检查了时间效应和小组绩效差异.
主要成果:
- 通过双背测试评估的工作记忆在所有组都得到了改善,在双重任务干预后立即表现明显好.
- 随着时间的推移,More-Odd-Shifting测试显示出显著的改善,特别是在双重任务干预和其30分钟后续后.
- 有氧运动也导致了立即和干预后30分钟的转移测试表现的显著改善.
结论:
- 单任务 (有氧运动,认知训练) 和双任务干预措施都能增强执行功能.
- 有氧运动和双重任务干预对执行功能的积极影响在干预后至少持续了30分钟.
- 对于短期结果,双任务干预措施没有被发现优于单任务有氧运动或认知训练.
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