胸部脂肪组织有助于肺部严重的病毒感染
Franziska Hornung1, Luise Schulz2, Nilay Köse-Vogel2
1Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, Jena, Germany. Franziska.hornung@med.uni-jena.de.
International journal of obesity (2005)
|August 16, 2023
概括
肥胖增加了严重的呼吸道病毒感染的风险. 这项研究表明,脂肪组织,特别是靠近肺部的脂肪组织,可以直接支持流感病毒的复制,并有助于感染的严重程度.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 肥胖问题研究研究
背景情况:
- 肥胖是流感病毒和COVID-19感染中严重结果的重要危险因素.
- 脂肪组织在呼吸道病毒病原体中的作用尚未完全理解,潜在的间接和直接机制.
- 以前的研究集中在脂肪组织的炎症因素上,但其作为病毒储库的直接作用尚未被探索.
研究的目的:
- 研究脂肪组织作为呼吸道病原体病毒利基的直接作用.
- 为了确定脂肪组织是否支持A型流感病毒 (IAV) 和SARS-CoV-2的复制.
- 探索脂肪组织与宿主抗病毒反应之间的相互作用.
主要方法:
- 使用饮食诱导的肥胖 (DIO) 和被IAV感染的ob/ob小鼠模型.
- 在感染后的肺部和脂肪组织中分析病毒载荷.
- 在实验室中研究了IAV和SARS-CoV-2在初级人类脂肪细胞和巨细胞中的复制.
- 检查了来自COVID-19病例的患者衍生的脂肪组织.
- 使用脂肪细胞和肺纤维细胞共同培养系统评估间接影响.
主要成果:
- 与非肥胖对照组相比,小鼠肥胖模型表现出更高的IAV标位.
- 流感病毒在小鼠的肺部附近的脂肪组织中有效地复制.
- 人体脂肪细胞表现出IAV复制和抗病毒反应.
- 在COVID-19患者的胸部脂肪组织中检测到SARS-CoV-2,但在脂肪细胞中没有观察到活跃的复制.
- 在脂肪组织内的巨细胞中观察到SARS-CoV-2复制,与炎症增加相关.
结论:
- 胸部脂肪组织在呼吸道病毒感染中发挥着直接作用.
- 脂肪细胞和脂肪组织中的巨细胞可以作为直接病毒复制的网站.
- 脂肪组织通过直接复制和间接诱导炎症因子,促进呼吸道病毒病原性.
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