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相关概念视频

Brain Imaging01:14

Brain Imaging

Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans),  magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS).
Increased Intracranial Pressure l: Introduction01:14

Increased Intracranial Pressure l: Introduction

Intracranial hypertension is a sustained elevation of intracranial pressure (ICP) above 22 mm Hg. In supine adults, normal ICP is ~7–15 mm Hg.The rigid, nonexpandable cranium contains three components—brain tissue, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)—that total ~1,700 mL in a typical adult: 1,400 mL brain (~80%), 150 mL blood (~10%), and 150 mL CSF (~10%). According to the Monro–Kellie doctrine, total intracranial volume is effectively fixed. When one component expands, CSF and venous blood...

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相关实验视频

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Coherence between Brain Cortical Function and Neurocognitive Performance during Changed Gravity Conditions
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Coherence between Brain Cortical Function and Neurocognitive Performance during Changed Gravity Conditions

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大脑微观结构和大脑功能的变化 空间头痛由头向下倾斜的床上休息

Masayuki Goto, Yasushi Shibata, Sumire Ishiyama

    Aerospace medicine and human performance
    |August 17, 2023
    PubMed
    概括

    宇航员的头向下倾斜床休息 (HDBR) 诱导的头痛与大脑微观结构和功能连接性变化有关. 扩散张力成像和静止状态功能性MRI显示了与空间头痛相关的扩散性和连接性模式的显著变化.

    科学领域:

    • 神经科学是一个神经科学.
    • 太空医学 太空医学
    • 医疗成像医学成像

    背景情况:

    • 宇航员经常在太空飞行期间报告严重的头痛.
    • 微重力对大脑结构和功能的影响,特别是头痛的发展,仍未得到充分研究.
    • 低头倾斜床位休息 (HDBR) 模拟了微重力效应,用于地面研究.

    研究的目的:

    • 为了研究与HDBR诱导的头痛相关的大脑微观结构和功能变化.
    • 利用扩散张力成像 (DTI) 和静止状态功能磁共振成像 (R-fMRI) 来分析这些变化.
    • 为了将成像检测结果与头痛严重程度相关联.

    主要方法:

    • 28名健康受试者在仰卧和HDBR位置进行了DTI和R-fMRI.
    • 基于管道的空间统计分析了DTI指标 (FA,MD,RD,AD).
    • 使用R-fMRI评估功能连接 (FC),与头痛强度相关.

    主要成果:

    • 在75%的受试者中,HDBR引起的头痛 (21/28).
    • DTI显示了轴向,辐射和平均扩散率的增加,但小数异构性没有显著变化.
    • R-fMRI显示HDBR后的FC降低;头痛组在HDBR前的FC较高,两组在HDBR后的FC较高.

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    Assessing Changes in Synaptic Plasticity Using an Awake Closed-Head Injury Model of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
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    结论:

    • HDBR有效地模拟了急性空间头痛相关的大脑变化.
    • 在模拟微重力时,DTI和R-fMRI可以检测在模拟微重力时经历头痛的个体中的微结构和功能性大脑变化.
    • 影像可能提供一种方法来评估特定于空间头痛发展的脑部变化.