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相关概念视频

Structural Protein Function01:56

Structural Protein Function

Structural proteins are a category of proteins responsible for functions ranging from cell shape and movement to providing support to major structures such as bones, cartilage, hair, and muscles. This group includes proteins such as collagen, actin, myosin, and keratin.
Collagen, the most abundant protein in mammals, is found throughout the body. In connective tissue, such as skin, ligaments, and tendons, it provides tensile strength and elasticity.  In bones and teeth, it mineralizes to form...
Assembly of Cytoskeletal Filaments01:18

Assembly of Cytoskeletal Filaments

Cytoskeletal filaments are polymeric forms of smaller protein subunits. However, individual cytoskeletal filaments may easily disassemble or associate with other similar filaments to form rigid structures. Microfilaments, made of actin monomers, rely on actin-binding proteins to form bundles and create networks of individual actin filaments. Microtubules rely on microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) to form sturdy cylindrical structures. However, the proteins involved in forming complex...
The Structure of Intermediate Filaments01:19

The Structure of Intermediate Filaments

The intermediate filaments are one of three widely studied cytoskeletal filaments. They are so named as their diameter (10 nm) is in between that of microfilaments (7 nm) and the microtubules (25 nm).  These filaments are highly stable and can remain intact when exposed to high salt concentrations and detergents. These filaments are responsible for providing stability and mechanical support to the cells. They also help in cell adhesion and maintaining tissue integrity.
Intermediate filaments...
Formation of Intermediate Filaments00:57

Formation of Intermediate Filaments

Intermediate filaments are cytoskeletal proteins with higher tensile strength and flexibility than microfilaments and microtubules. Unlike the other two cytoskeletal proteins, intermediate filament formation lacks the enzymatic activity to hydrolyze nucleotides like ATP and GTP to generate energy for polymerization. Therefore, the formation of intermediate filaments is multistep self-assembly. The involvement of any accessory proteins in intermediate filament formation has not yet been reported.
Fibrous Proteins00:55

Fibrous Proteins

Fibrous proteins are either long and narrow proteins or assemble to form long and thin structures. They contain repetitive units and usually consist of either alpha helices or beta sheets and, in rare cases, a mix of both. The amino acids in the primary structure often consist of repeating amino acid sequences. The role of fibrous proteins is primarily structural. Many are located in the extracellular matrix and are present in connective tissues to impart strength and joint mobility. They are...
Fiber Reinforced Concrete01:22

Fiber Reinforced Concrete

Fiber-reinforced concrete significantly enhances the structural and nonstructural properties of traditional concrete by incorporating fibers like steel, glass, and polymers. These fibers, varying from natural ones such as sisal and cellulose to manufactured ones like polypropylene and Kevlar, are mixed into hydraulic cement with aggregates. Steel fibers, often preferred for their robustness, contribute to improved ductility, toughness, and post-cracking performance. The concrete is classified...

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相关实验视频

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Encapsulation of Cardiomyocytes in a Fibrin Hydrogel for Cardiac Tissue Engineering
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纤维素用于组织工程的技术进步.

Raúl Sanz-Horta1, Ana Matesanz2,3, Alberto Gallardo1

  • 1Department of Applied Macromolecular Chemistry, Institute of Polymer Science and Technology, Spanish National Research Council (ICTP-CSIC), Madrid, Spain.

Journal of tissue engineering
|August 17, 2023
PubMed
概括

纤维素水凝在组织工程方面表现有前途,但需要提高稳定性和机械强度. 本综述探讨了复合材料支架和相互透的聚合物网络等修改,以增强基于纤维素的生物材料.

关键词:
在组织工程中的纤维素水凝.基化纤维素水凝.纤维素聚合物复合材料的架构.天然聚合物纤维素水凝.在纤维素水凝中封装的颗粒.

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科学领域:

  • 生物材料科学 生物材料科学
  • 聚合物化学 聚合物化学
  • 组织工程是组织工程.

背景情况:

  • 纤维素是一种多功能天然聚合物,用于生物医学应用,包括静血剂,药物/细胞输送和组织工程支架.
  • 纤维素水凝目前的局限性包括快速降解,收缩,机械性能差,和批量变性,阻碍更广泛的临床采用.
  • 修改纤维素的结构和组成对于提高其在生物工程中的性能至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 批判性地审查修改纤维素水凝以提高性能方面的最新进展.
  • 专注于用于组织工程应用的复合纤维素支架,化学修饰的水凝和相互透的聚合物网络 (IPN).

主要方法:

  • 关于纤维素水凝修饰的文献综述.
  • 复合纤维素支架的分析,包括其他天然或合成材料.
  • 对化学修饰的纤维素水凝的检查.
  • 研究融合聚合物网络 (IPN),将纤维素与其他聚合物结合在一起.

主要成果:

  • 复合纤维素支架表现出增强的机械性能和受控的降解率.
  • 化学修饰可以提高纤维素的稳定性和细胞兼容性.
  • 通过将纤维素与合成或天然聚合物集成,IPN水凝提供了可调节的特性,从而提高了结构完整性.
  • 这些修改共同解决了用于组织工程的原生纤维素的局限性.

结论:

  • 基于纤维素的先进生物材料,包括复合材料,化学改性水凝和IPN,显示了组织工程的巨大潜力.
  • 战略性修改是克服纤维素固有的局限性的关键,为更可靠,更有效的生物医学应用铺平了道路.
  • 对这些增强纤维素材料的进一步研究将加速将其转化为临床实践.