语言作为尤卡特克玛雅人种族认同的标记
Cecilia Padilla-Iglesias1,2, Robert A Foley1, Laura A Shneidman3
1Leverhulme Centre for Human Evolutionary Studies, Department of Archaeology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Evolutionary human sciences
|August 17, 2023
概括
语言使用标志着民族身份,但这是特定于背景的. 人们根据自己的语言技能调整他们对民族语言认同的推理,影响语言多样性.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 语言学的语言学.
- 人类学是人类学.
背景情况:
- 人类的变异往往是由文化 ("种族") 群体构成的,需要共享的沟通代码.
- 假设表明,语言能力作为一个进化标记的民族血统.
- 有证据表明,作为种族标记的语言使用是特定于背景的,而不是普遍的.
研究的目的:
- 探索语言作为种族标记的普遍和特定背景观点之间的紧张关系.
- 调查正在经历社会经济变化的玛雅社区对双语的反应.
- 了解个体的语言表述如何影响他们对民族语言认同的推理.
主要方法:
- 研究了121名玛雅社区的成年人,与越来越多的西班牙人接触.
- 评估了与语言能力相关的玛雅民族身份的认知.
- 分析了个人语言表现如何与关于民族语言认同的推理相关.
主要成果:
- 玛雅语言能力与玛雅民族认同的感知有很强的相关性.
- 民族语言认同不被视为固定的,垂直传播的或与西班牙语不相容的.
- 关于民族语言认同的推理因个人自身的语言技能而有所不同.
结论:
- 对于使用语言来实现群体认同的进化倾向可能存在,但是由发育可塑性调节的.
- 对社会信息的适应性反应导致心理和行为变化.
- 对语言特征的看法影响语言学习激励和长期的语言多样性.
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