为什么宗教领袖遵守昂贵的禁令? 检查孟塔瓦伊巫师的禁忌
Manvir Singh1, Joseph Henrich1
1Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
Evolutionary human sciences
|August 17, 2023
概括
宗教领袖宗教领袖
科学领域:
- 人类学是人类学.
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 宗教研究是宗教研究.
背景情况:
- 宗教领袖经常练习禁欲,避免性和食物.
- 以前的研究表明,这会影响人们对领导者的看法,但定量数据很少.
研究的目的:
- 量化调查观察者对坚持昂贵禁忌的宗教领袖的推断.
- 测试关于合作性昂贵的信号,可信度增强的显示和超自然的异性等假设.
主要方法:
- 在印尼西贝鲁特岛研究了门塔瓦伊巫师 (sikerei).
- 检查了关于食物,性和动物的昂贵禁忌,被巫师观察到.
- 使用基于图片的调查来评估参与者对禁忌坚持的推断.
主要成果:
- 参与者推断了合作特征,真诚的宗教信仰,并从观察禁忌的巫师中增强了超自然的力量.
- 证据支持所有三个测试的假设:昂贵的信号,可信度增强的显示,和超自然的异性.
结论:
- 巫师对宗教禁忌的坚持导致观察者的多维推断.
- 这些发现与宗教自我否定和领导力认知的多种功能性解释一致.
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