适用于词汇重建的变换测试部分支持阿尔泰语语言宏观家族
Alexei S Kassian1, George Starostin2,3, Ilya M Egorov1
1School of Advanced Studies in the Humanities, The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia.
Evolutionary human sciences
|August 17, 2023
概括
这项研究分析了古代语言的词汇表,发现了土耳其语,蒙古语和通古斯语之间以及土耳其语-日语和通古斯语-日语之间的重要语言联系,这表明了深厚的历史关系.
科学领域:
- 历史语言学 历史语言学
- 计算语言学 计算语言学
- 语言的演变 语言的演变
背景情况:
- 阿尔泰语 (Transeurasian) 宏观语言家族是语言家族的一个假设分组.
- 重建的原始语言单词列表对于追踪语言祖先至关重要.
- 以前验证宏观家族假设的方法有局限性.
研究的目的:
- 在重建的原始语言单词列表中统计分析语言相似性.
- 为了测试阿尔泰族 (跨欧拉西亚) 宏观家族的假设.
- 确定原土耳其语,原蒙古语,原通古语,中朝鲜语和原日语之间的显著对对关系.
主要方法:
- 根据严格的语义标准,重建了五种原始语言的110项基本词汇列表.
- 使用辅音类方法将语言形式编码为双辅音序列.
- 应用加权变换试验来评估观察到的相似之处的统计学意义.
主要成果:
- 在核阿尔泰克语 (土耳其语,蒙古语,通古斯语) 内的对中发现了显著的p值.
- 在土耳其语-日本语和通古斯语-日本语对中也观察到显著的p值.
- 土耳其语和日语对显示出强有力的证据,证明了血统关系,而不是由于地理距离而引起的接触.
结论:
- 这些发现支持了土耳其语,蒙古语和通古斯语之间的谱系关系.
- 结果表明,日语语言与阿尔泰语 (跨欧亚语) 宏观家族之间存在潜在联系.
- 对重建的单词列表的统计分析为深层语言联系提供了强有力的证据.
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