年龄和听力障碍对言语和在自发对话和参考沟通任务中要求澄清的请求的综合影响
Rachel J Ellis1, Jerker Rönnberg1, Charlotta Plejert2
1Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
International journal of language & communication disorders
|August 17, 2023
概括
与受控任务相比,有听力障碍的老年人可能在自发对话中使用更长的发言. 这表明沟通策略在日常互动和参考沟通任务之间有所不同.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 通信科学 通信科学
- 听力学 听力学是指听力学.
背景情况:
- 关于听力障碍的传统研究侧重于语音感知,忽视了交互式沟通动态.
- 最近的研究探讨了与年龄相关的听力障碍在互动中的作用,经常使用参考沟通任务.
- 人们对参考性沟通任务如何反映日常沟通模式的理解有限.
研究的目的:
- 在涉及有听力障碍的老年人对话中调查发言特征和澄清请求.
- 为了比较年轻成年人和混合年龄人 (听力障碍的年轻人和老年人) 之间的相互作用模式.
主要方法:
- 招募了42名参与者,分为21对,10对年轻成人对和11对混合年龄对.
- 从自发对话中收集了5分钟的交互数据,以及对每个对进行参考沟通任务的两个试验.
- 分析了澄清请求的频率,平均发言长度和总发言量.
主要成果:
- 与参考沟通任务相比,在所有参与者的自发对话中发生的澄清请求较少.
- 在第二个参考任务试验中,听力受损的老年人比他们的年轻伴侣提出了更多的澄清请求.
- 听力障碍的老年人在自发对话中使用了明显更长的发言,这种模式在参考任务中没有见过.
结论:
- 在参考性沟通任务中的交互模式不同于自发对话中的交互模式.
- 在涉及多种通信任务条件的研究中,疲劳是关键因素,特别是在听力障碍的老年人中.
- 研究结果表明,有听力障碍的老年人可能会在自然环境中适应对话策略,例如更长的发言.
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