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在阿巴拉契亚的采矿影响的河流中微量元素和由此产生的生态风险

Elyse V Clark¹, David J Soucek², Stephen H Schoenholtz³

¹Department of Earth & Geographic Sciences, Fitchburg State University, Fitchburg, Massachusetts, USA.

Environmental toxicology and chemistry

|August 17, 2023

概括

在阿巴拉契亚地区的煤炭开采将微量元素释放到河流中,可能会损害水生生物. 这项研究发现沉积物和宏无脊椎动物中的 (Ni) 和其他金属含量较高,其中一些水平接近生态风险值.

科学领域:

环境毒理学环境毒理学
地质化学地质化学
生态生态学生态生态学

背景情况:

阿巴拉契山脉的煤炭表面开采加速了气候变化,将主要的离子和微量元素释放到河流中.
溪流中微量元素的高含量可以通过直接暴露和饮食摄入来损害水生生物.
之前的研究指出,阿巴拉契山采矿影响的河流中微量元素的含量较高,但对非生物和生物介质 (Se除外) 的数据有限.

研究的目的:

在阿巴拉契亚山脉源流的各种环境中分析八种微量元素 (Al,As,Cd,Cu,Ni,Sr,V,Zn).
评估与煤矿开采中微量元素度升高相关的潜在生态风险.
为了比较矿业影响流中的微量元素含量与参考流.

主要方法:

从六个采矿影响的和三个参考流中取取溪水,沉积物,生物膜,叶子碎片和盆地宏观无脊椎动物的样本.
在两个季节的低流量条件下,在收集的环境介质中分析了八种微量元素.
在采矿影响和参考流之间比较微量元素度,并根据已确定的风险值进行评估.

主要成果:

在采矿影响的河流中,溶解的铜 (Cu), (Ni) 和 (Sr) 的含量较高.
细沉积物和宏无脊椎动物在采矿影响的河流中显示出,和 (Zn) 度升高.
虽然溶解度低于保护水平,但细沉积物Ni接近或超过值效应度.

结论:

煤炭开采对阿巴拉契亚河流中的微量元素度产生重大影响,影响沉积物和生物群.
沉积物中的度构成潜在的生态风险,需要进一步调查.
由于饮食风险问题,需要对生物膜中的 (Cd), (Ni), (Zn) 和宏无脊椎动物中的 (V) 进行进一步的研究.

关键词:

生物积累生物积累生物积累煤炭是一种煤炭.生态毒理学生态毒理学宏观无脊椎动物在金属金属金属水的质量水的质量

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