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Updated: Jul 19, 2025

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Oral Health Assessment by Lay Personnel for Older Adults
Published on: February 2, 2020
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在欧洲各国,晚年生活中的护理差距
Huijing Wu1, Rachel Margolis1, Mara Getz Sheftel2
1Department of Sociology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
概括
没有亲密家庭的成年人,特别是那些没有伴侣或孩子的成年人,面临着面对日常生活需求的重大护理差距. 更广泛的社交网络提供了部分但不完整的支持,突出了对公共护理服务的需求.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 很大一部分成年人,特别是老年人,可能需要帮助进行日常生活活动.
- 对缺乏亲密家庭网络 (亲戚) 的个人来说,护理的可用性和来源是老龄化社会的关键问题.
研究的目的:
- 调查欧洲没有亲属的成年人中"护理差距"的流行程度和特征.
- 为了确定没有伴侣或孩子的个人是否依赖更广泛的社交网络或经历未满足的护理需求.
- 分析家庭结构如何影响日常生活援助的照顾.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自欧洲健康,老龄化和退休年龄调查 (SHARE) 的数据.
- 估计了28个欧洲国家和以色列护理差距的普遍性.
- 根据受访者的家庭结构分析了受访者获得帮助的来源.
主要成果:
- 严重的护理差距影响到6.1%的50岁及以上的受访者.
- 护理差距在西欧和东欧最为普遍,在南欧和以色列最不常见.
- 没有伴侣或孩子的个人更有可能经历护理差距,尽管他们更频繁地利用多样化的网络和养老院护理.
结论:
- 该研究介绍并量化了"护理差距",发现它普遍存在于没有孩子的单身成年人中,但也存在于那些有直系家庭的人中.
- 更广泛的社交网络在没有直系家庭的人群中提供部分替代护理需求,但并不能完全消除差距.
- 调查结果提供了对不同欧洲福利制度对公共护理服务需求的见解.
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