在小麦中高效的三酸合成和分布提供了对更高野外温度的耐受性
Andrea Romero-Reyes1, Sergio G Hernandez-Leon1, Lilia Leyva-Carrillo1
1Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C., G.E. Astiazarán Rosas 46, Hermosillo 83304, Sonora, México.
The Biochemical journal
|August 17, 2023
概括
高温会通过影响光合作用来降低面包小麦的产量. 然而,一些基因型如SOKWB.1,SOKWB.3和BORLAUG100显示出在雅基山谷等地区繁殖耐热品种的希望.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 植物生理学 植物生理学
- 农作物科学 农作物科学
背景情况:
- 墨西哥雅基山谷的高温 (30°C以上) 通过损害光合作用,对面包小麦生产产生负面影响.
- 了解热应激的基因型反应对于在脆弱农业地区保持高产量至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在田间种植的热应激条件下,评估10种面包小麦基因型的光合作用性能.
- 为了确定面包小麦的基因型,在热应激下保持产量和光合作用功能.
主要方法:
- 实地试验在两个季节 (2019-2021) 进行,对照组 (十二月播种) 和热应激组 (一月下旬播种).
- 测量了光合作用参数,叶绿素含量和酶活性 (Rubisco,FBPase,SPS).
- 在这两种条件下评估了谷物产量和空气生物质.
主要成果:
- 热应激在第一季降低了20-58%的谷物产量,但没有影响叶绿素含量或依赖光的反应.
- 鲁比斯克活性保持稳定,而FBPase活性下降,表明粉合成减少.
- 维持了糖酸盐合成酶 (SPS) 的活性,保持了糖的合成. 在所有基因型中,空中生物量都下降了.
- 基因型SOKWB.1,SOKWB.3和BORLAUG100在热应激下证明了产量维持.
结论:
- 特定的面包小麦基因型表现出对热应激的弹性,保持关键的光合作用酶活动和产量.
- 基因型SOKWB.1,SOKWB.3和BORLAUG100是繁殖耐热面包小麦的有希望的候选人,适用于高温地区.
- 有针对性的育种努力可以改善小麦适应易热的农业区.
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