在COVID-19大流行期间,外向,社交互动和幸福感:外向者真的比内向者更受苦吗?
Lara Kroencke1, Sarah Humberg1, Simon M Breil1
1Institute for Psychology, Psychological Assessment and Personality Psychology, University of Münster.
Journal of personality and social psychology
|August 17, 2023
概括
外向始终与更高的幸福感有关,即使是在COVID-19限制期间. 虽然社会参与发挥着作用,但社会反应性对这种强大的联系提供了有限的解释.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
- 人格心理学 人格心理学
背景情况:
- 广泛的研究表明,外向与幸福之间存在积极的相关性.
- 这种关系背后的机制,特别是社会参与与社会反应,仍然不完全理解.
- 由于广泛的社会限制,COVID-19大流行为研究这些机制提供了独特的背景.
研究的目的:
- 在COVID-19大流行期间调查社交互动在外向与幸福关系中的作用.
- 区分社会参与和社会反应假设.
- 检查疫情期间社会互动模式的变化是否会对外向个体产生不同的影响.
主要方法:
- 来自一项国际纵向研究 (N=4,622) 和两项经验抽样研究 (N=293和N=1,381) 的数据分析.
- 使用预先注册的多层结构方程模型.
- 评估人格特征 (外向),幸福感和社会互动模式.
主要成果:
- 外向性与幸福感有着强烈的积极关系,即使在社会限制下也持续存在.
- 对社会参与假设 (通过社会互动进行调解) 发现了部分支持.
- 社会反应性假设 (通过社会互动进行调节) 并没有得到一致的支持,尽管探索性分析显示支持特定方面 (社交性和激活的积极影响).
结论:
- 外向与幸福之间的正面联系非常有弹性,即使是在COVID-19流行病等社会危机期间也是如此.
- 对于这种关系,社会参与似乎是一个比社会反应更一致的解释因素.
- 疫情期间社会互动模式的变化并没有不成比例地影响更外向的人.
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