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对身体活动对儿童和青少年注意力缺陷多动性障碍执行功能的影响的元分析

Yiling Song¹, Biyao Fan², Chunshun Wang¹

¹Department of Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.

|August 17, 2023

概括

身体活动干预措施显著改善了注意力缺陷多动症 (ADHD) 儿童的抑制控制,工作记忆和认知灵活性等执行功能. 这些好处受到运动强度,类型和体量的影响,为ADHD管理提供了实际指导.

科学领域:

神经科学是一个神经科学.
儿科儿科儿科
运动科学运动科学运动科学

背景情况:

执行功能缺陷是注意力缺陷多动障碍 (ADHD) 儿童的主要挑战.
身体活动 (PA) 越来越多地被认为具有减轻ADHD相关认知障碍的潜力.
了解PA对该群体执行功能的特定影响对于开发有效干预措施至关重要.

研究的目的:

系统地审查和综合有关体育活动干预措施对ADHD儿童和青少年执行功能影响的证据.
探索与体育活动干预相关的变量如何调节它们对执行功能的影响.

主要方法:

在四个主要的电子数据库 (PubMed,科学网,科克莱恩图书馆,Embase) 进行了系统的文献搜索.
使用Revman 5.4进行了元分析,包括计算效果大小,异质性,子组和灵敏度分析.
使用Stata 15.0.0中的埃格尔测试来评估出版偏差.

主要成果:

分析包括了24项研究,共914名参与者.
在ADHD儿童中,体育活动干预表明抑制控制 (SMD = -0.50),工作记忆 (SMD = -0.50) 和认知灵活性 (SMD = -0.45) 的显著改善.
小组分析表明,干预强度,运动技巧类型,频率和每周运动量对执行功能的影响有所缓和.

结论:

身体活动干预措施对被诊断患有多动症的儿童和青少年的核心执行功能产生积极影响.
动力辅助干预的有效性受到特定特征的影响,例如强度,运动技能的参与,会话频率和整体运动量.
这些发现为为ADHD患者设计有针对性和有效的体育活动计划提供了宝贵的见解.

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