美国的体育活动友好政策和社区设计特征,2014年和2021年
Bryant J Webber1,2, Geoffrey P Whitfield3, Latetia V Moore3
1Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Hwy, Atlanta, GA 30341 (bryantwebber@gmail.com).
Preventing chronic disease
|August 17, 2023
概括
2014年至2021年间,美国市政当局越来越多地采用了支持体育活动的政策,例如可步行区块大小和自行车基础设施. 然而,政策普及率的差异扩大,特别是在完整街道政策方面.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 城市规划 城市规划
- 社区设计和设计.
背景情况:
- 基于社区的健康饮食和积极生活支持调查追踪了促进体育活动的市政政策.
- 了解这些支持的趋势对于公共卫生倡议至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 从2014年到2021年,检查市政政策和社区设计支持体育活动的普及率的变化.
- 分析这些变化整体和按市政特征进行分析.
主要方法:
- 2014年和2021年美国市镇的独立随机抽样.
- 计算15种体力活动支持的患病率和患病率 (PR).
- 根据市政特征进行互动的统计测试,使用Bonferroni校正的Breslow-Day测试.
主要成果:
- 增加了可行街区大小 (PR=1.46),人行道宽度 (PR=1.19),行人设施 (PR=1.15),连续人行道 (PR=1.14) 和建筑方向 (PR=1.08) 的区分规范.
- 专门用于自行车基础设施的设计标准的普及率增加 (PR=1.19).
- 分享使用协议的普及率下降 (PR=0.87).
- 完整街道政策和可步行街区大小的区分在人口密和人口较少的城市之间扩大了流行差距.
结论:
- 在采用体育活动友好的政策和设计特征方面取得的进展是显而易见的.
- 需要继续努力,以鼓励所有社区更广泛地采用这些支持.
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