机车祖先对二次水生过渡的作用
Kiersten K Formoso1,2, Michael B Habib2,3, Jorge Vélez-Juarbe4
1Department of Earth Sciences, University of Southern California, 3651 Trousedale Pkwy, Zumberge Hall, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
Integrative and comparative biology
|August 17, 2023
概括
从陆地到海洋的进化过渡显示了海洋哺乳动物和爬行动物的独特游泳风格. 祖先的陆地解剖学影响了水生后代是否倾向于轴向或尾推进.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
- 比较生物力学比较
- 古生物学的古生物学
背景情况:
- 许多陆地羊类动物在第二阶段进化了水生生活方式.
- 这些转变涉及到陆地游泳运动解剖学的显著修改.
- 陆地动物运动的祖先差异可能会影响水生动物的适应.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查祖先的陆地运动器官解剖学是否影响了二次水生羊的游泳风格的演变.
- 为了确定不同的推进策略 (轴与尾) 与祖先类 (爬行动物与哺乳动物) 相对应.
主要方法:
- 对现代陆地胚胎游泳的比较分析.
- 推断祖先的运动姿势 (散布与偏).
- 祖先解剖学与水生后代观察到的推进模式的相关性.
主要成果:
- 水生爬行动物是漫长祖先的后裔,主要使用轴向推进.
- 水生哺乳动物是寄姿态祖先的后代,更经常使用尾推进.
- 早期过渡的水生哺乳动物显示出尾推进的普遍性.
结论:
- 祖先的陆地运动器官解剖学似乎在塑造水上运动方式方面发挥了作用.
- 陆地动物的解剖学可能既限制,又促进了在二级水生类群中特定的游泳模式.
- 这项研究为陆地到海的转变的功能,生物力学和发育研究开辟了新的研究途径.
相关概念视频
02:22The Colonization of Land
34.4K
Changes in the environment of the early Earth drove the evolution of organisms. As prokaryotic organisms in the oceans began to photosynthesize, they produced oxygen. Eventually, oxygen saturated the oceans and entered the air, resulting in an increase in atmospheric oxygen concentration, known as the oxygen revolution approximately 2.3 billion years ago. Therefore, organisms that could use oxygen for cellular respiration had an advantage. More than 1.5 years ago, eukaryotic cells and...
34.4K
02:35What is Evolutionary History?
36.6K
Scientists record evolutionary history by analyzing fossil, morphological, and genetic data. The fossil record documents the history of life on Earth and provides evidence for evolution. However, both fossil and living organisms offer evidence that outlines Earth’s evolutionary history.
36.6K
01:54Convergent Evolution
27.9K
Evolution shapes the features of organisms over time, ensuring that they are suited for the environments in which they live. Sometimes, selection pressure leads to the rise of similar but unrelated adaptations in organisms with no recent common ancestors, a process known as convergent evolution.
27.9K
01:23Phylogeny
44.4K
Phylogeny is concerned with the evolutionary diversification of organisms or groups of organisms. A group of organisms with a name is called a taxon (singular). Taxa (plural) can span different levels of the evolutionary hierarchy. For instance, the group containing all birds is a taxon (comprising the class Aves), and the group of all species of daisies (the genus Bellis) is a taxon. Phylogenies can likewise include just one genus (i.e., depict species relationships) or span an entire kingdom.
44.4K
01:07Speciation Rates
21.3K
Overview
21.3K
02:55The Evidence for Evolution
42.9K
Genetic variations accumulating within populations over generations give rise to biological evolution. Evolutionary changes can result in the formation of novel varieties and entire new species. These changes are responsible for the diverse forms of life inhabiting the planet. The evidence for evolution suggests that all living organisms descended from common ancestors.
42.9K