三甲基三醇 (TNMTO):是一种高度密度的氧化剂
Sohan Lal1, Richard J Staples2, Jean'ne M Shreeve1
1Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, 83844-2343, USA. jshreeve@uidaho.edu.
Dalton transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003)
|August 17, 2023
概括
一个可扩展的合成5- ((trinitromethyl) -2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-one (TNMTO) 产生一个高密度的能量材料. TNMTO显示出有前途的爆炸和推进性能,将其定位为固体火箭推进的潜在绿色氧化剂.
科学领域:
- 能量材料科学 能量材料科学
- 有机合成 有机合成
- 推进化学 推进化学 推进化学
背景情况:
- 新能源材料的开发对于先进的推进系统至关重要.
- 像甲 (AP) 这样的现有氧化剂对环境造成了担忧.
- 需要高性能,对环境无害的氧化剂.
研究的目的:
- 为了开发一个可扩展的合成5-(三甲基) -2,4-二-3H-1,2,4-三-3-one (TNMTO).
- 评估TNMTO的物理化学和性能特性.
- 评估TNMTO作为固体火箭推进中的潜在绿色氧化剂.
主要方法:
- 从2-甲基胺-4,6-二醇中进行TNMTO的可扩展合成.
- 测量密度,热稳定性 (Td) 和氧气平衡 (OB).
- 计算和比较引爆 (P,D) 和推进 (Isp, ρIsp) 性能.
主要成果:
- 成功实现了TNMTO的可扩展合成.
- TNMTO 具有高密度 (1.90 g cm-3) 和正氧平衡 (OB co = 20.51%).
- 爆炸性能 (P = 35.01 GPa,D = 8997 m/s) 和推进性能 (Isp(neat) = 251.85 s) 优于ADN,TNAA和AP.
结论:
- TNMTO是一种有前途的高性能能量材料.
- 它的特性表明它适合作为固体火箭推进的绿色氧化剂.
- TNMTO为传统的,不那么环保的氧化剂提供了潜在的替代品.
相关概念视频
Redox Titration: Other Oxidizing and Reducing Agents
330
Besides iodine, other oxidizing or reducing agents can serve as titrants in redox titrations. Common oxidizing titrants include KMnO4, cerium(IV), and K2Cr2O7. The choice of oxidizing titrants depends on factors like stability, cost, analyte strength, and reaction rate between the analyte and titrant. KMnO4 is a strong oxidizing titrant that reduces from Mn(VII) to Mn(II) in a highly acidic solution, simultaneously oxidizing the analyte to a higher oxidation state. In this case, KMnO4 acts as a...
330
1° Amines to Diazonium or Aryldiazonium Salts: Diazotization with NaNO2 Mechanism
3.8K
Nitrous acid is a relatively weak and unstable acid prepared in situ by the reaction of sodium nitrite and cold, dilute hydrochloric acid. In an acidic solution, the nitrous acid undergoes protonation when it loses water to form a nitrosonium ion—an electrophile. Nitrous acid reacts with primary amines to give diazonium salts. The reaction is called diazotization of primary amines.
3.8K
Oxidations of Aldehydes and Ketones to Carboxylic Acids
4.0K
Oxidation of aldehydes and ketones results in the formation of carboxylic acids. Aldehydes, bearing hydrogen next to the carbonyl group, are easily oxidized compared to ketones. This is because an aldehydic proton can easily be abstracted during oxidation.
Aldehydes readily undergo oxidation in strong oxidizing agents such as potassium permanganate and chromic acid. The oxidation can also be carried out using mild oxidizing agents such as silver oxide. In fact, aldehydes can be easily oxidized...
Aldehydes readily undergo oxidation in strong oxidizing agents such as potassium permanganate and chromic acid. The oxidation can also be carried out using mild oxidizing agents such as silver oxide. In fact, aldehydes can be easily oxidized...
4.0K
Radical Autoxidation
2.2K
The oxidation of an organic compound in the presence of air or oxygen is called autoxidation. For example, cumene reacts with oxygen to form hydroperoxide. Autoxidation involves initiation, propagation, and termination steps. Many organic compounds are susceptible to autoxidation—especially ethers in the presence of oxygen, which form hydroperoxides. Even though this reaction is slow, old ether bottles contain small amounts of peroxide, which leads to laboratory explosions during ether...
2.2K
Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Osmium Tetraoxide
10.3K
Alkenes are converted to 1,2-diols or glycols through a process called dihydroxylation. It involves the addition of two hydroxyl groups across the double bond with two different stereochemical approaches, namely anti and syn. Dihydroxylation using osmium tetroxide progresses with syn stereochemistry.
10.3K
Oxidative Cleavage of Alkenes: Ozonolysis
10.6K
In ozonolysis, ozone is used to cleave a carbon–carbon double bond to form aldehydes and ketones, or carboxylic acids, depending on the work-up.
Ozone is a symmetrical bent molecule stabilized by a resonance structure.
Ozone is a symmetrical bent molecule stabilized by a resonance structure.
10.6K


