新兴的疫苗策略对抗不断的肺炎球菌病
1Sanofi, Suite 300, 2501 Discovery Drive, Orlando, FL, 32826, USA.
NPJ vaccines
|August 17, 2023
概括
尽管疫苗接种取得了成功,但肺炎 estreptococcus (Spn) 仍然是一个全球性威胁. 本综述探讨了对当前肺炎球菌疫苗的免疫反应和未来的策略,包括基于蛋白质的抗原,以改善对SPN感染的保护.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
背景情况:
- 由Streptococcus pneumoniae (Spn) 引起的侵入性肺炎球菌病 (IPD) 发生率由于接种疫苗而下降.
- 然而,SPN继续导致全球数以百万计的感染,病例死亡率很高.
研究的目的:
- 审查当前肺炎球菌疫苗诱导的免疫机制.
- 提供现有和新兴的临床疫苗接种策略的概述.
- 突显血清型选择性方面的挑战和肺炎球菌蛋白抗原的潜力.
主要方法:
- 对现有肺炎球菌疫苗的文献综述.
- 对疫苗接种的免疫反应的分析.
- 目前和未来临床策略的概述.
主要成果:
- 现有的疫苗已经减少了IPD发病率,但挑战仍然存在.
- 需要进一步开发以提高保护的规模和范围.
- 基于肺炎球菌蛋白的抗原提供了一个替代策略.
结论:
- 继续开发SPN疫苗接种策略是一个优先事项.
- 扩大现有疫苗的实施是至关重要的.
- 解决血清型选择性和探索新型抗原是未来疫苗设计的关键.
相关概念视频
01:30Pneumonia V: Nursing management and Prevention
2.2K
Nursing management of pneumonia involves promoting airway patency, facilitating rest and conserving energy, encouraging fluid intake, maintaining nutrition, and educating patients.
The nurse must practice strict medical asepsis and adhere to infection control guidelines to minimize healthcare-associated infections.
Enhance airway patency
Position the patient correctly to facilitate drainage of the affected lung segments. Manual or mechanical percussion and vibration can also be employed....
The nurse must practice strict medical asepsis and adhere to infection control guidelines to minimize healthcare-associated infections.
Enhance airway patency
Position the patient correctly to facilitate drainage of the affected lung segments. Manual or mechanical percussion and vibration can also be employed....
2.2K
01:28Pneumonia IV: Management
359
The treatment of pneumonia varies based on its severity and the causative pathogen. Here is a structured approach to managing pneumonia, integrating pharmaceutical and supportive care strategies.
Bacterial Pneumonia Treatment
For bacterial pneumonia, antibiotics serve as the cornerstone of therapy. Initial treatment often begins with empirical antibiotics, tailored to the anticipated causative organism and adjusted based on culture results. Key antibiotic choices include:
Bacterial Pneumonia Treatment
For bacterial pneumonia, antibiotics serve as the cornerstone of therapy. Initial treatment often begins with empirical antibiotics, tailored to the anticipated causative organism and adjusted based on culture results. Key antibiotic choices include:
359
01:30Pneumonia III: Complications and Assessment
266
Pneumonia poses the potential for numerous complications that warrant consideration. These complications include the following:
266
01:30Cancer Vaccines
400
Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
400
01:30Pneumonia I: Introduction
268
Pneumonia is an acute respiratory infection that targets the lungs, specifically the alveoli. These tiny air sacs, essential for oxygen exchange, become engorged with pus and fluid, severely hindering breathing, decreasing oxygen absorption, and causing significant pain and discomfort during respiration.
Risk Factors
Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...
Risk Factors
Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...
268
01:29Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology
336
The pathophysiology of pneumonia involves the following steps:
336