在使用头盔的社会差异 在涉及儿童的自行车事故中
Imani H Sweatt1, Candace Barr2, Aaron Gelinne3
1General Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA.
Cureus
|August 18, 2023
概括
在北卡罗来纳州,大多数在自行车事故中受伤的儿童不戴头盔,尽管有州法律. 这项研究强调了儿科患者使用头盔的差异,强调需要更好的意识和干预策略.
科学领域:
- 儿科创伤研究儿童创伤研究
- 公共卫生干预措施 公共卫生干预措施
- 伤害预防科学 预防伤害科学
背景情况:
- 自行车头盔的使用对于预防儿童严重受伤至关重要,但目前的使用率仍不够理想.
- 了解头盔使用的社会差异对于医疗保健提供者来说至关重要,以有效地为患者提供咨询.
- 之前的研究表明,较高的社会经济地位,女性性别和高加索种族与增加的头盔使用之间的关联.
研究的目的:
- 确定与骑自行车事故的儿童使用头盔相关的社会决定因素.
- 为了评估患有自行车相关创伤的儿科患者的头盔使用率.
- 为改善儿童自行车安全提供有针对性的干预信息.
主要方法:
- 在2006年6月至2020年5月期间,140名儿科患者 (<18岁) 因自行车相关创伤而入院于UNC医院系统的回顾性病例系列.
- 通过电子健康记录审查来确定头盔的状态.
- 通过基于邮政编码的家庭收入中位数数据,以社会经济地位为近似值.
主要成果:
- 在研究小组中,80.7%的儿童在自行车事故中没有戴头盔.
- 在没有戴头盔的群体中,男性占比较高 (79.6%).
- 与公共保险 (59.3%的非头盔) 相比,私人保险的孩子更有可能戴头盔 (51.9%).
- 头部受伤很普遍,71起头部受伤中有88.7%发生在没有戴头盔的儿童身上.
结论:
- 尽管北卡罗来纳州的立法规定16岁以下的个人必须使用头盔,但受伤儿童的遵守情况仍然很低.
- 在特定的儿科人群中,头盔使用存在显著差异.
- 持续监测头盔使用行为和有针对性的干预措施是必要的,以提高儿童自行车安全,减少伤害严重程度.
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