自COVID-19以来,不断变化的病毒学和支气管炎资源利用趋势
Allison Burks1, William King1, Mary Orr1
1Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
Pediatric pulmonology
|August 18, 2023
概括
COVID-19改变了支气管炎 (病毒性呼吸道疾病) 模式,呼吸道同胞病毒 (RSV) 病例减少. 在疫情期间,低价值护理的增加发生了,RSV和资源使用在2021年复苏.
科学领域:
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 支气管炎是一种常见的病毒性呼吸道疾病,经常是由呼吸道同胞病毒 (RSV) 引起的.
- COVID-19 流行病显著影响了典型的病毒传播模式.
- 了解在此期间支气管炎护理的变化至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较2017年3月至2022年3月期间美国第三级急诊室 (ED) 支支气管炎的低价值护理.
- 分析COVID-19流行病对支气管炎流行病学和资源利用的影响.
- 评估疫情不同阶段诊断和治疗实践的变化.
主要方法:
- 一项描述性队列研究,利用从2017年到2022年的回顾性图表审查.
- 对支气管炎的急诊室 (ED) 访问的分析,包括处置,疾病严重程度,胸部放射,阿尔布特罗尔使用和高流量鼻腔管 (HFNC) 使用.
- 年被定义为从3月到2月的12个月.
主要成果:
- 支气管炎ED访问量从2020年前的每年2000多次 (3.1%的ED访问量) 减少到2020-2021年的450次 (1%) 访问.
- 在2020-2021年期间,人类鼻病毒/肠病毒成为占主导地位的病毒 (92%).
- 尽管总体来看病率下降,但在低人口普查期间,入院率,阿尔布特罗尔使用,HFNC和胸部X射线图的数量增加.
结论:
- 2020年初,由于COVID-19,呼吸道同胞体病毒 (RSV) 支气管炎的ED访问显著减少,与2018-2019年相比减少了80%以上.
- 在犀牛病毒占主导地位的低体积期内,观察到较低价值护理的显著增加.
- 2021年解除限制导致夏季RSV大量复苏,使资源利用率恢复到大流行前的水平.
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