在正在发育的海马原体中,通过LIM-HD转录因子LHX2调节染色质可访问性和基因表达
Varun Suresh1, Bhavana Muralidharan1,2, Saurabh J Pradhan3
1Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India.
PLoS genetics
|August 18, 2023
概括
转录因子LHX2通过调节发育中的海马体 (Hcp) 中的基因表达和染色质可访问性来独特地塑造海马体的发育,使其与新皮质原始体 (Ncp) 区别开来. 这项研究为早期海马神经发育提供了机制性的见解.
科学领域:
- 发展生物学 发展生物学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
背景情况:
- 哺乳动物大脑皮层包含不同的区域,如海马原体 (Hcp) 和新皮质原体 (Ncp).
- 了解早期发育期间区分这些区域的分子机制对于理解大脑形成至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究胚胎日 12.5.5 时小鼠的 Hcp 和 Ncp 之间的转录组和色素水平差异.
- 确定参与Hcp发育的关键转录因子和基因调控网络 (GRNs).
主要方法:
- 执行ATAC-seq以评估Hcp和Ncp中的染色质可访问性.
- 进行了动机分析以确定候选转录因子.
- 分析了LHX2占用率,并比较了来自对照和Lhx2突变组织的转录组数据.
主要成果:
- Hcp表现出比Ncp更高的染色质可访问性.
- LHX2被确定为一个关键的转录因子,在共同的发育途径中调节Hcp和Ncp中不同的基因.
- 失去LHX2降低了Hcp中的染色质可访问性,这表明它在海马发育中的特定作用.
- 确定了14个由LHX2调节的新型Hcp丰富基因,在染色质可访问性和mRNA表达水平上都受到调节.
结论:
- 通过调节基因调节网络和染色质可访问性,LHX2在建立独特的海马体特征方面发挥着关键作用.
- 这些发现为LHX2如何与新皮层相比,为海马的独特发展做出贡献提供了机械的见解.
相关概念视频
Hedgehog Signaling Pathway
7.4K
The Hedgehog gene (Hh) was first discovered due to its control of the growth of disorganized, hair-like bristles phenotype in Drosophila, much like hedgehog spines. Hh plays a crucial role in the development of organs and the maintenance of homeostasis in both invertebrates and vertebrates. However, while Drosophila has only one Hh protein, mammals have multiple functional Hedgehog proteins - Sonic (Shh), Desert (Dhh), and Indian Hedgehog (Ihh). All of these homologous proteins have adapted to...
7.4K
Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells
1.7K
Chromatin modification alters gene expression; therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.
Compact chromatin makes reprogramming difficult. Enzymes, such as histone demethylases and acetyltransferases, are often added during reprogramming to loosen the chromatin, making the DNA more accessible to transcription factors. Molecules that inhibit histone...
Compact chromatin makes reprogramming difficult. Enzymes, such as histone demethylases and acetyltransferases, are often added during reprogramming to loosen the chromatin, making the DNA more accessible to transcription factors. Molecules that inhibit histone...
1.7K
Inheritance of Chromatin Structures
6.3K
Epigenetics is the study of inherited changes in a cell's phenotype without changing the DNA sequences. It provides a form of memory for the differential gene expression pattern to maintain cell lineage, position-effect variegation, dosage compensation, and maintenance of chromatin structures such as telomeres and centromeres. For example, the structure and location of the centromere on chromosomes are epigenetically inherited. Its functionality is not dictated or ensured by the underlying...
6.3K
Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing
7.0K
In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...
The chromatin structure, especially...
7.0K
RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins
9.2K
Proteins that regulate transcription can do so either via direct contact with RNA Polymerase or through indirect interactions facilitated by adaptors, mediators, histone-modifying proteins, and nucleosome remodelers. Direct interactions to activate transcription is seen in bacteria as well as in some eukaryotic genes. In these cases, upstream activation sequences are adjacent to the promoters, and the activator proteins interact directly with the transcriptional machinery. For example, in...
9.2K
Heterochromatin
13.9K
The extent of chromatin compaction can be studied by staining chromatin using specific DNA binding dyes. Under the microscope, the dense-compacted regions that take up more dye are called heterochromatin. Heterochromatin is further classified into two forms – constitutive heterochromatin and facultative heterochromatin.
Constitutive heterochromatin: It is a highly compact region of chromatin that is mostly concentrated in the centromere and telomere. Unlike euchromatin, the amino acid at...
Constitutive heterochromatin: It is a highly compact region of chromatin that is mostly concentrated in the centromere and telomere. Unlike euchromatin, the amino acid at...
13.9K


