在日本国际旅行者中评估潜在的狂犬病暴露:一项回顾性描述性研究
Hidetoshi Nomoto1,2, Kei Yamamoto1, Satoshi Kutsuna1,3
1Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
PloS one
|August 18, 2023
概括
日本旅行者在国外面临狂犬病风险,即使是在短途旅行. 提高认识和旅行前咨询对于防止国际旅行者接触狂犬病至关重要.
科学领域:
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 旅行 医学 旅行 医学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 50多年来,日本一直保持着无狂犬病的地位.
- 在从海外旅行返回的日本人中报告了零星的狂犬病病例.
- 了解旅行者的动物暴露风险对于公共卫生倡议至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查日本海外旅行者的动物暴露模式.
- 分析与动物接触有关的暴露前预防药物 (PrEP) 的使用情况.
- 确定与潜在狂犬病传播相关的高风险旅游目的地和动物类型.
主要方法:
- 来自国外的日本传染病登记处 (J-RIDA) 的数据的回顾性分析.
- 包括2017年10月1日至2019年10月31日期间报告动物暴露的日本海外旅行者.
- 专注于PrEP的使用,所涉及的动物类型和旅行特征.
主要成果:
- 在322例病例中,只有5.9%接受了PrEP;大多数旅行者没有受到保护.
- 狗,猫和子是接触暴露的最常见的动物.
- 东南亚是动物暴露的主要地区,通常在旅行5天内发生.
结论:
- 日本旅行者经常遇到可能存在狂犬病传播风险的动物,无论旅行的持续时间如何.
- 加强旅行前咨询对于提高旅行者对狂犬病暴露的认识至关重要.
- 需要采取积极的措施,防止在日本旅行人口中感染狂犬病.
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