在陆地环境中对菌体感染性的地化学约束
Hans K Carlson1, Denish Piya2, Madeline L Moore3
1Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA. hkcarlson@lbl.gov.
ISME communications
|August 18, 2023
概括
菌体 (感染细菌的病毒) 控制微生物的生长. 它们对生态系统的影响在具有高离子度的环境中最为强烈,如肠道或生物膜,而不是典型的土壤或淡水.
科学领域:
- 微生物生态学 微生物生态学
- 环境微生物学 环境微生物学
- 病毒学 病毒学
背景情况:
- 菌体显著影响微生物群落和生态系统功能.
- 生物地质化学条件,特别是离子强度和碳可用性,是调节菌体掠食效应的关键因素.
- 对菌体感染的离子值及其环境相关性的定量数据有限.
研究的目的:
- 通过使用正规菌体T4和MS2来确定大肠杆菌菌体感染的离子强度值.
- 为了研究碳源和离子强度如何影响淡水酸盐减少微生物群的菌体掠食.
- 为了比较菌体感染离子值与陆地系统中的环境离子度.
主要方法:
- 测量了80个无机离子的半最大有效度 (EC50),用于T4 (dsDNA) 和MS2 (ssRNA) 菌体感染大肠杆菌.
- 评估了不同碳来源和离子强度对淡水酸盐降低微生物群体中的菌体掠食的影响.
- 将实验确定的离子EC50值与典型的环境离子度进行比较.
主要成果:
- 土和金属支持性感染,在T4和MS2菌体之间具有不同的离子强度值.
- 菌体对酸盐还原最终产品的影响取决于碳源和离子强度.
- 对菌体感染的实验确定的离子EC50值通常超过了许多淡水和陆地环境中发现的度.
结论:
- 虫捕食最有可能对富含营养的"热点"和"热时刻"具有较高离子度的陆地微生物功能生态产生重大影响.
- 例如,甲动物的肠道,干旱压力的土壤和生物膜,当地的条件有利于菌体与宿主相互作用.
- 了解这些特定的环境环境对于预测菌体对微生物生态系统的影响至关重要.
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