布拉西卡杂交物种的基因组组成影响了染色体遗传和后代的生存能力
Elvis Katche1, Elizabeth Ihien Katche1,2, Paula Vasquez-Teuber1,2,3,4
1Plant Breeding Department, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
概括
令人惊的是,布拉西卡物种的跨物种杂交导致了低生育率,即使具有完整的基因组. 亚基因组相互依赖,而不是基因组损失,似乎决定了杂交成功和生存能力的结果.
科学领域:
- 植物遗传学 植物遗传学
- 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
- 农作物科学 农作物科学
背景情况:
- 跨物种杂交是一种关键的进化过程,它创造了新物种并促进了特征的转移.
- 新型杂交血统的长期命运和生育能力仍未得到充分探索,特别是在多体物种中.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究布拉西卡 (Brassica) 全四类物种的跨物种杂交物中的染色体遗传和生育能力.
- 了解亚基因组关系对杂交结果和杂交生存能力的影响.
主要方法:
- 这种植物是Brassica juncea (AABB),Brassica carinata (BBCC) 和Brassica napus (AACC) 的对交叉.
- 产生AABC,BBAC和CCAB跨物种杂交的混合物.
- 在F1和S1世代中分析花粉活力,种子集和生育能力.
主要成果:
- 所有的跨物种杂交物种表现出令人惊的低生育率,尽管拥有完整的双倍基因组.
- CCAB杂交物显示出极端的男性不育性 (花粉存活率约3.5%),而AABC和BBAC杂交物则有约16%的存活率.
- 来自CCAB杂交的第二代 (S1) 后代是无菌的;一些来自未减少的性质细胞的AABC S1杂交体显示出可变的生育能力,而BBAC S1杂交体的生育能力中等.
结论:
- 在Brassica allotetraploids中,亚基因组的相互依赖对于生育和生存能力至关重要.
- 杂交结果受到构成子基因组之间的特定关系和相互作用的强烈影响.
- 亚基因组的丢失是有害的,这表明已建立的基因组集成,而不是简单的添加效应.
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