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对墨西哥公立小学学生的折射误差进行了大规模分析
Marco Antonio Ramírez-Ortiz1, Mónica Amato-Almanza1, Iván Romero-Bautista2
1Ophthalmology Department, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City, Mexico.
Scientific reports
|August 19, 2023
概括
折射误差显著影响墨西哥小学学生,超过31%受影响. 大多数需要眼镜的儿童有未被纠正的视力问题,突出了关键的公共卫生问题.
科学领域:
- 眼科医生 眼科 眼科
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
背景情况:
- 折射误差是全球视力障碍的主要原因之一.
- 早期发现和纠正儿童的折射误差对于学业成功和整体福祉至关重要.
- 了解折射误差在特定人群中的普遍性,比如墨西哥的学生,对于有针对性的干预是必不可少的.
研究的目的:
- 确定墨西哥公立小学学生中折射误差的流行情况.
- 为了确定这个人群中最常见的折射误差类型.
- 评估未经纠正的折射误差对视觉敏度的影响以及校正眼镜的有效性.
主要方法:
- 这是一项横截面的回顾性研究,涉及来自墨西哥32个州14566所公立小学的380多万名学生.
- 教师最初对学生进行了视力敏度下降的查,随后使用视力敏度测量和非cycloplegic静态视网膜镜进行了光学确认.
- 分析了之前的眼镜使用数据和处方前后的视觉敏度.
主要成果:
- 眼科医生证实了31.2%的选学生 (391,498名儿童) 的折射误差.
- 在之前报告使用眼镜的人中,83.7%有未纠正的折射误差.
- 简单的近视眼是最常见的错误 (25.7%),眼镜在85.6%的学生中纠正了视力损失.
结论:
- 未被纠正的折射误差是墨西哥小学学生的重大公共卫生问题.
- 不被纠正的视力问题存在很高的患病率,需要及时介入.
- 建议进行更新的研究,以追踪随时间的折射误差趋势.
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