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暴露于爆炸的服务人员有正常到近正常听力值的功能性听力障碍.
Ken W Grant1, Sandeep A Phatak1, Jennifer R Myers1
1Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Audiology and Speech Pathology Center, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Ear and hearing
|August 21, 2023
概括
服务人员暴露于爆炸性爆炸物可能会导致功能性听力和通信缺陷 (FHCDs),即使有正常的听力测试值. 神经编码退化,特别是在听觉路径中,有助于这些缺陷,影响语音处理.
科学领域:
- 听觉神经科学 听觉神经科学
- 军事医学 军事医学
- 语音处理 语音处理
背景情况:
- 功能性听力和通信缺陷 (FHCDs) 在爆炸性爆炸暴露后,在现役服役人员 (SMs) 中越来越普遍.
- 这些缺陷的特点是语音识别受损,噪音中的双耳音调检测减少,或明显的自我报告的听力困难,尽管近乎正常的听力学值,但经常发生.
研究的目的:
- 调查导致爆炸暴露的SM中FHCD的听觉处理缺陷.
- 描述爆炸暴露对人类听觉系统的影响,并告知临床管理人员.
主要方法:
- 三组SM的比较:对照组 (N=78),暴露于FHCD的爆炸 (N=26) 和暴露于没有FHCD的爆炸 (N=11).
- 利用了全面的听力测量,行为,认知和电生理学测量,包括通过EEG的频率跟踪响应 (FFR).
- 评估了外周,下皮层和皮层的听觉处理,以及语言处理速度和工作记忆等认知功能.
主要成果:
- 与对照组相比,FHCD暴露于爆炸的SMs在外周和皮质下听力处理方面表现出显著的缺陷.
- 认知功能,特别是语言处理速度和工作记忆,在暴露于爆炸的SM中受到损害,无论FHCD状态如何.
- 在FHCD爆发暴露的SM中,FFR分析显示神经活动发生变化,包括自发活动增加,响应幅度降低和发病延迟.
结论:
- 声学刺激的神经编码降解是爆炸暴露的SMs中FHCD的可能原因,其听力学值正常.
- 语言处理速度和工作记忆的缺陷可能会阻碍在具有挑战性的环境中语音解码和理解.
- 需要进一步的研究来将这些发现与听觉处理障碍的临床治疗方案相关联.
相关概念视频
01:31Hearing
When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
00:53Sound Intensity Level
Humans perceive sound by hearing. The human ear helps sound waves reach the brain, which then interprets the waves and creates the perception of hearing. The loudness of the environment in which a person is located determines whether they can distinguish between different sound sources.
The human ear can perceive an extensive range of sound intensity, necessitating the use of the logarithmic scale to define a physical quantity—the intensity level. It is a ratio of two intensities and hence a...
The human ear can perceive an extensive range of sound intensity, necessitating the use of the logarithmic scale to define a physical quantity—the intensity level. It is a ratio of two intensities and hence a...