自助小组对LMIC健康的干预措施的经济评估:一个范围审查
Jessica Ochalek1, Naomi K Gibbs1, Rita Faria1
1Centre for Health Economics, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom.
Health policy and planning
|August 21, 2023
概括
低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs) 的自助小组 (SHG) 干预措施的经济评估往往缺乏卫生部和资助者对资源分配做出明智决定所需的细节.
科学领域:
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 干预科学 干预科学
背景情况:
- 自助小组 (SHG) 的干预措施有望改善低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs) 的健康结果.
- 经济评估对于卫生部和其他利益相关者为资助决策提供信息至关重要.
- 需要对现有的经济评估进行批判性评估,以评估它们对决策的有用性.
研究的目的:
- 确定和批判性地评估公布的LMIC中SHG干预措施的经济评估.
- 评估这些评估能在多大程度上为卫生部门和跨部门决策提供信息.
- 确定经济评估的关键方面,以支持资助决策.
主要方法:
- 在多个数据库 (MEDLINE,EMBASE,PsychINFO,EconLit,Global Index Medicus) 中系统搜索2014年至2020年间发表的研究.
- 包括来自LMIC的研究,至少有一个健康结果,估计的干预成本和报告的方法.
- 对评估方法进行批判性分析,以了解它们对卫生部,其他部门和捐助方决策的相关性.
主要成果:
- 九项研究符合纳入标准,主要使用随机对照试验进行数据收集.
- 虽然指出了成本前景,但很少有研究清楚地定义了决策背景或决策者.
- 只有四项研究报告了使用通用健康指标的结果;没有研究报告了非健康结果.
- 已发表的研究在告知决策者关于SHG干预的价值方面存在局限性.
结论:
- 在LMICs中公布的SHG干预措施的经济评估在为实际的融资决策提供信息方面存在局限性.
- 清晰地定义决策者和背景对于相关的成本效益分析至关重要.
- 在报告证据方面采用跨部门框架可以改善资助者和政策制定者的决策.
相关概念视频
Self-Help Support Groups
53
Self-help support groups are voluntary, community-based organizations that provide a platform for individuals with shared concerns to exchange support, insights, and practical strategies for coping with life challenges. Typically led by group members or paraprofessionals, these groups form a cornerstone of mental health care, especially in reaching populations that are underserved by traditional healthcare systems.
Accessibility and Cost-Effectiveness
One of the primary strengths of self-help...
Accessibility and Cost-Effectiveness
One of the primary strengths of self-help...
53
Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System
3.3K
At the different levels of the healthcare system, we see varying methods of healthcare used. These methods include managed care systems, case management, and primary healthcare.
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is...
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is...
3.3K
Community Based Intervention
65
Community-based interventions in mental health represent a paradigm shift from institution-centered care to treatments embedded within the fabric of local communities. By prioritizing inclusion and leveraging existing societal structures, this approach fosters a supportive environment conducive to addressing mental health challenges while promoting individual dignity and agency.
Foundations of Community Mental Health Programs
Central to the success of community-based interventions is the...
Foundations of Community Mental Health Programs
Central to the success of community-based interventions is the...
65
Models of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention II
1.6K
The person's health status fluctuates continually, varying from being in good health to becoming ill and returning to being healthy. To understand the concept of illness prevention, there are two models. First, the health-illness continuum model is a graphic representation of an individual's wellness. It states that a person is considered healthy in the absence of physical disease and the presence of good emotional health.
The agent-host-environment model states that disease results...
The agent-host-environment model states that disease results...
1.6K
Stress Prevention and Stress Management Techniques VI
50
Adopting a healthier lifestyle often requires overcoming significant challenges, but leveraging psychological, social, and cultural resources can facilitate meaningful change. Effective self-change hinges on understanding and applying key tools such as motivation and goal setting, which help sustain efforts toward long-term health benefits.
Motivation and Self-Determination
Motivation, the driving force behind behavior, plays a pivotal role at every stage of the change process. The research...
Motivation and Self-Determination
Motivation, the driving force behind behavior, plays a pivotal role at every stage of the change process. The research...
50
Models of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention I
2.1K
A model is a theoretical way to understand a concept or an idea. Models can overcome barriers to health regardless of diverse economic and cultural backgrounds. In addition, models make the task easier by providing different ways to approach complex issues. There are two major health promotion models: the health belief model and the health promotion model.
The health belief model (HBM) attempts to predict health-related behavior in specific belief patterns. According to the HBM, a person's...
The health belief model (HBM) attempts to predict health-related behavior in specific belief patterns. According to the HBM, a person's...
2.1K


