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相关概念视频

Ethers from Alkenes: Alcohol Addition and Alkoxymercuration-Demercuration02:35

Ethers from Alkenes: Alcohol Addition and Alkoxymercuration-Demercuration

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Overview
Ethers can also be prepared from alkenes through acid-catalyzed addition of alcohols and alkoxymercuration–demercuration.
Preparation of Ethers by Acid-Catalyzed Addition of Alcohol to Alkenes
The acid-catalyzed addition of alcohol to an alkene involves treating the alkene with an excess of alcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst to form an ether under suitable conditions. The hydrogen will add to the less substituted carbon so that the nucleophile can attack the more...
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Ethers from Alcohols: Alcohol Dehydration and Williamson Ether Synthesis02:29

Ethers from Alcohols: Alcohol Dehydration and Williamson Ether Synthesis

10.5K
Overview
Ethers can be prepared from organic compounds by various methods. Some of them are discussed below,
Preparation of Ethers by Alcohol Dehydration
In this method, in the presence of protic acids, alcohol dehydrates to produce alkenes and ethers under different conditions. For example, in the presence of sulphuric acid, dehydration of ethanol at 413 K yields ethoxyethane, whereas it yields ethene at 443 K.
10.5K
Carboxylic Acids to Methylesters: Alkylation using Diazomethane01:33

Carboxylic Acids to Methylesters: Alkylation using Diazomethane

2.2K
Carboxylic acids react with diazomethane in an ether solvent via alkylation at the carboxylate oxygen atom to give methyl esters of the corresponding acid with excellent yields.
2.2K
E2 Reaction: Kinetics and Mechanism02:45

E2 Reaction: Kinetics and Mechanism

10.4K
SN2 substitutions and E2 eliminations of alkyl halides proceed via a concerted pathway. While the nucleophile attacks the alpha carbon in SN2 reactions, it functions as a strong base and abstracts a beta hydrogen in the E2 mechanism. The rate-limiting transition state in E2 elimination reactions is characterized by partially broken carbon–hydrogen and carbon–halogen bonds and a partially formed pi bond between the alpha and beta carbons. The beta hydrogen and halide are eliminated...
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Alkylation of β-Diester Enolates: Malonic Ester Synthesis01:14

Alkylation of β-Diester Enolates: Malonic Ester Synthesis

3.4K
Malonic ester synthesis is a method to obtain α substituted carboxylic acids from ꞵ-diesters such as diethyl malonate and alkyl halides.
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Autoxidation of Ethers to Peroxides and Hydroperoxides02:23

Autoxidation of Ethers to Peroxides and Hydroperoxides

7.7K
Ethers represent a class of chemical compounds that become more dangerous with prolonged storage because they tend to form explosive peroxides when standing in the air. Autoxidation is the spontaneous oxidation of a compound in air. In the presence of oxygen, ethers slowly oxidize to form hydroperoxides and dialkyl peroxides.
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Generic Protocol for Optimization of Heterologous Protein Production Using Automated Microbioreactor Technology
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使用过程模拟和强大的贝叶斯优化进行二甲基乙烯生产过程的强大设计.

Yuki Nakayama1, Hiromasa Kaneko1

  • 1Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Meiji University, 1-1-1 Higashi-Mita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 214-8571, Japan.

ACS omega
|August 21, 2023
PubMed
概括

本研究介绍了一种机器学习方法,用于优化从CO2中生产二甲基乙烯 (DME) 的方法. 强大的贝叶斯优化有效地识别过程变量,减少排放并确保高产品纯度.

科学领域:

  • 化学工程是化学工程的重要组成部分.
  • 环境科学 环境科学
  • 机器学习 机器学习

背景情况:

  • 温室气体排放,特别是二氧化碳,推动了全球变暖,需要创新的资源利用战略.
  • 二甲基以太 (DME) 是一种从二氧化碳中提取的有前途的化学物质,为碳捕获和利用提供了一条途径.
  • 优化过程设计变量,如温度和压力,对于高效的DME生产和减排至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 开发一种有效的方法来优化基于二氧化碳的二甲基乙烯 (DME) 生产过程中的设计变量.
  • 为了减少与过程设计的传统试错模拟方法相关的时间和计算成本.
  • 为了实现高产品纯度和DME产量,同时最大限度地减少二氧化碳排放.

主要方法:

  • 利用机器学习,特别是贝叶斯优化,用于实验的自适应设计,以有效地优化过程变量.
  • 实施了强大的贝叶斯优化方法,以计算温度和压力数据的变化.
  • 使用重复过程模拟与机器学习相结合,快速识别最佳设计参数.

主要成果:

  • 在平均54次模拟中成功确定了最佳设计变量.
  • 实现了100%的实验目标,包括产品纯度 (0.95-1.00) 和DME产量 (350-845 kmol/h).

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  • 通过优化工艺设计,显著减少二氧化碳排放 (0-835 kmol/h).
  • 结论:

    • 提出的强大的贝叶斯优化方法对于高效设计DME生产过程非常有效.
    • 与传统方法相比,这种方法显著减少了模拟时间和计算资源.
    • 该研究证实了使用二氧化碳作为DME生产资源的可行性,并优化了工艺条件.