尽管动力学延迟,但艾滋病毒感染者在感染SARS-CoV-2或接种疫苗后达到相当的抗体功能
Boitumelo M Motsoeneng1,2, Nelia P Manamela1,2, Haajira Kaldine1,2
1South African Medical Research Council Antibody Immunity Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Frontiers in immunology
|August 21, 2023
概括
携带艾滋病毒的人 (PLWH) 显示了SARS-CoV-2免疫反应的改变. 抗逆转录病毒疗法 (ART) 改善了抗体功能,而接受ART的PLWH与没有艾滋病毒的患者产生了类似的反应,支持疫苗接种和ART的推广.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
背景情况:
- 在艾滋病毒感染者 (PLWH) 感染/接种SARS-CoV-2疫苗后,Fc介导免疫功能的动力学尚不清楚.
- 艾滋病毒会影响免疫反应,因此需要对这一群体的SARS-CoV-2免疫力进行研究.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较SARS-CoV-2尖端特定的Fc功能,结合和中和在PLWH与没有艾滋病毒的人 (PWOH).
- 在PLWH和PWOH中评估感染SARS-CoV-2变种 (D614G,Beta) 或接种疫苗 (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) 后的免疫反应.
主要方法:
- 对IgG结合,中和,抗体依赖细胞化 (ADCP),细胞毒性 (ADCC),补体沉积 (ADCD) 和细胞化 (ADCT) 的比较分析.
- 在急性感染或疫苗接种后的PLWH (ART-naïve和ART) 和PWOH中进行评估.
主要成果:
- 之前没有接受ART的PLWH表现出较低的IgG结合,中和和ADCP比接受ART的PLWH.
- D614G和Beta变种不同触发了ADCC,ADCD和ADCT.
- 与PWOH相比,感染D614G的PLWH显示出延迟的中和和ADCP.
- 在PLWH中用ChAdOx1 nCoV-19接种疫苗导致延迟结合反应,但ADCC比PWOH高.
结论:
- 尽管延迟和差异化动力学,PLWH在ART上发展出与PWOH相似的SARS-CoV-2免疫反应.
- 这些发现支持优先推出抗逆转录病毒疗法 (ART) 和针对PLWH的SARS-CoV-2疫苗接种.
- 在PLWH中观察到结合,中和和Fc功能之间的协调改善.
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