证人和观察者之间:民族学可以从詹姆斯·德温那里学到什么
1Department of Sociology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.
Frontiers in sociology
|August 21, 2023
概括
民族学家必须超越被动观察,积极见证和记录不平等,尤其是在种族敌意时期. 这种方法受到詹姆斯·德温的启发,挑战了传统的民族学方法,以更好地解决当代的社会问题.
科学领域:
- 社会科学 社会科学 社会科学
- 人类学是人类学.
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
背景情况:
- 当代民族学面临着越来越多的种族敌意和政治动员的挑战.
- 传统的民族学方法强调独立的观察,这可能不足以适应当前的社会现实.
- 人种学家在解决社会不平等问题上发挥更积极和更关键的作用的需要越来越多地得到了认可.
研究的目的:
- 争辩民族学家的作用扩大,从被动观察转向积极见证.
- 提出詹姆斯·德温的"证人"概念作为民族学实践的模型.
- 探讨这种"见证"方法如何更好地解决种族敌意和社会不公正.
主要方法:
- 批评传统的,积极的民族学方法,优先考虑独立的观察.
- 应用詹姆斯·德温的方法和地位作为'见证'的民族学实地研究.
- 分析德温方法的三个关键教训:国际局外者,国家内部局外者和社区内部局外者.
主要成果:
- "目击者"的角色通过承认研究人员在种族系统中的地位来挑战传统的民族学.
- 德温的方法提供了一个词汇来描述不平等,并鼓励拥抱一个潜在的世界末日的未来.
- 这三个课程为理解过去的民族学提供了一个框架,并指导未来的研究走向接地现实.
结论:
- 人种学家应该采取"目击者"的角色,以更有效地参与和记录社会和种族不平等.
- 这种方法需要超越传统的认识论界限,并承认研究人员的处境.
- 未来的民族学研究应该以现实为基础,超越中立性,面对系统性问题.
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