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确定登革热与巴西城市脆弱性之间的关系:空间建模分析
Bianca Conrad Bohm1, Maria Helena Franco Morais2, Maria da Consolação Magalhães Cunha3
1Veterinary Epidemiology Laboratory, Preventive Veterinary Department, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, Brazil.
Pathogens and global health
|August 21, 2023
概括
贝洛奥里桑特地区的登革热疫情不成比例地影响了社会脆弱群体. 公共卫生干预措施应针对高风险的城市地区和人口群体,以减轻疾病的严重程度和传播.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 空间分析 空间分析
背景情况:
- 登革热是一种蚊子传播的病毒性疾病,在全球范围内构成了重大公共卫生挑战.
- 埃及蚊子 (Aedes aegypti) 是登革热传播的主要载体.
- 了解登革热的社会空间分布对于有效的控制策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 分析巴西贝洛霍里森特 (2010-2018) 的登革热和严重登革热的发病率和致死率.
- 调查登革热病例/死亡与社会脆弱性指标之间的关系.
- 确定与登革热严重程度增加相关的人口因素.
主要方法:
- 对2010-2018年登革热病例和死亡数据的回顾性分析.
- 统计分析包括千平方测试,普通最小平方 (OLS) 和地理加权回归 (GWR).
- 评估登革热发病率与年龄,性别,教育,肤色和社会脆弱性等变量之间的关系.
主要成果:
- 贝洛霍里森特记录了324,044例登革热病例,1,334例严重登革热病例和88例死亡病例.
- 登革热的平均发病率为1515.5/100,000,严重登革热的平均发病率为6.2/100,000.
- 登革热病例增加与更高的社会脆弱性和工作年龄人口相关;严重的疾病在黑人,老年人和男性中更为常见.
结论:
- 社会脆弱性是贝洛霍里森特登革热分布的一个关键决定因素.
- 对脆弱的城市地区和特定的人口群体需要有针对性的公共卫生干预措施.
- 调查结果为登革热预防和控制政策的组织提供信息,重点关注风险人群.
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