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相关概念视频

Menopause01:28

Menopause

200
Menopause, a natural biological process marking the end of a woman's fertility, typically occurs between the fifth and sixth decade of life. This phase is characterized by the exhaustion of the ovarian follicle pool, leading to less responsive ovaries despite the high levels of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH). The consequential decrease in estrogen production results in symptoms like hot flashes, heavy sweating, headaches, hair loss, muscle pains, vaginal...
200
Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle01:22

Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle

438
The ovarian cycle regulates endometrial changes throughout a single menstrual cycle via the coordinated action of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and gonadotrophins.
At puberty, GnRH begins a pulsatile release pattern, which triggers the anterior pituitary gland to secrete follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). The frequency and amplitude of GnRH pulses vary across the menstrual cycle, with faster pulses favoring LH release and slower pulses favoring FSH...
438
Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle01:30

Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle

568
The ovarian cycle is meticulously regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. This cycle orchestrates the release of a mature oocyte, essential for reproduction.
Before puberty, the hypothalamus releases GnRH in a low frequency, low amplitude pulsatile manner. This along with the immature hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis activity, results in low estrogen levels and the absence of a fully functional ovarian cycle.  At puberty, GnRH secretion increases in both frequency and...
568
Hormonal Regulation01:33

Hormonal Regulation

33.3K
The renin-aldosterone system is an endocrine system which guides the renal absorption of water and electrolytes, thus managing blood pressure and osmoregulation. Activation of the system begins in the kidneys with a small cluster of cells adjacent to the afferent and efferent blood vessels of the renal corpuscle. As the nephrons are filtering blood, juxtaglomerular cells monitor blood pressure. If they detect a decrease in pressure, they release the hormone renin into the bloodstream.
33.3K
Major Hormones and Their Functions01:27

Major Hormones and Their Functions

492
Hormones, the biochemical messengers produced by endocrine glands, are pivotal in regulating bodily functions and maintaining homeostasis. Each hormone's balance is crucial; imbalances can lead to significant physiological disruptions. Major hormones include oxytocin, cortisol, epinephrine, estrogen, testosterone, thyroxine, growth hormone, insulin, and glucagon.
Oxytocin, produced in the hypothalamus and released by the pituitary gland, plays a role in social bonding, childbirth, and...
492
Target Cell Response to Hormones01:22

Target Cell Response to Hormones

3.1K
Hormones intricately bind to receptors on the surface or within target cells, initiating a cascade of cellular responses.
Notably, the cellular response can be regulated by altering the number of receptors expressed in the cell. For example, prolonged exposure to elevated hormone levels results in a gradual decline or down-regulation in the number of receptors for that specific hormone on the cell surface. Conversely, in response to low hormone levels, cells may use up-regulation, producing an...
3.1K

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相关实验视频

Updated: Jul 18, 2025

An In Vivo Estrogen Deficiency Mouse Model for Screening Exogenous Estrogen Treatments of Cardiovascular Dysfunction After Menopause
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An In Vivo Estrogen Deficiency Mouse Model for Screening Exogenous Estrogen Treatments of Cardiovascular Dysfunction After Menopause

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荷尔蒙疗法:更年期荷尔蒙疗法

Allison Eubanks1

  • 1Navy Medical Readiness and Training Command (NMRTC) - U.S. Naval Hospital Rota, PSC 819 Box 18 FPO, AE 09645-0018.

FP essentials
|August 21, 2023
PubMed
概括

更年期激素治疗 (MHT) 有效地治疗令人不安的更年期症状,如热. 然而,MHT存在风险,包括增加血栓和乳腺癌的可能性,需要仔细的个人评估.

科学领域:

  • 生殖内分泌学 生殖内分泌学
  • 妇女健康 妇女健康
  • 更年期管理管理

背景情况:

  • 更年期显著降低雌激素,导致热,夜间出汗和阴道干燥等症状,影响超过75%的女性的生活质量.
  • 更年期的症状可以包括阴道干燥,,失精,情绪变化,发热和夜间出汗.

研究的目的:

  • 审查更年期荷尔蒙疗法 (MHT) 治疗更年期症状的疗效和风险.
  • 概述当前关于MHT启动,管理和持续风险效益评估的建议.

主要方法:

  • 关于更年期荷尔蒙疗法 (MHT) 疗效和安全性研究的文献综述.
  • 对当前临床指导方针和与MHT相关的风险因素的分析.

主要成果:

  • 更年期激素治疗 (MHT) 是治疗血管运动症状的最有效方法,并提供诸如减少骨折风险和改善阴道缩等好处.
  • MHT与静脉血栓栓塞和乳腺癌的风险增加有关,需要小心选择患者.
  • 可用的MHT配方包括口服,肌内,皮肤和阴道内路线.

结论:

  • 更年期激素治疗 (MHT) 决策需要个性化评估,平衡症状缓解与潜在风险.

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A Method to Study the Impact of Chemically-induced Ovarian Failure on Exercise Capacity and Cardiac Adaptation in Mice
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  • 应使用最短时间的最低有效剂量,并定期重新评估风险-益处概况.
  • 通常,对于60岁以下的女性或更年期开始10年内出现令人烦的血管运动症状的女性,MHT通常会被考虑.