海马,整个中脑,红细胞核和腹部体区域的体积通过选择性繁殖增加了高自愿的轮子运行行为
Margaret P Schmill1, Zoe Thompson1,2, Daisy Lee3
1Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California, Riverside, California, USA.
Brain, behavior and evolution
|August 21, 2023
概括
选择性育种用于小鼠的高自愿性运动增加了红核 (RN) 和海马体 (HPC) 的体积. 仅仅慢性炼并没有产生这些特定的神经解剖学变化.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 行为遗传学 行为遗传学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
背景情况:
- 了解神经解剖学,行为和进化之间的相互作用对于大脑功能至关重要.
- 自愿运动是影响和受到神经解剖学变异影响的关键行为.
- 身体活动可能在大脑进化中发挥重要作用.
研究的目的:
- 与对照小鼠 (C) 相比,对选择性繁殖的小鼠进行高度自愿的车轮运行行为 (HR) 的神经解剖学差异的研究.
- 为了确定慢性炼是否会影响大脑区域的体积和神经元密度.
- 为了测试HR小鼠是否在特定的中脑和边缘区域表现出更大的体积和/或细胞密度.
主要方法:
- 利用人工选择模型,在66代人的时间里,培养小鼠具有高自愿的轮子运行行为.
- 使用高分辨率显微镜检查HR和C小鼠的九个关键大脑区域.
- 给小鼠从断奶开始的小组进行了10周的车轮接入,以评估慢性运动的影响.
主要成果:
- 选择性育种 (HR与C) 和车轮接入都增加了总大脑质量,没有相互作用.
- 与C型小鼠相比,HR型小鼠的红核 (RN) 和海马 (HPC) 体积显著增加,调整为体重.
- 车轮接入增加了C小鼠的周水管灰色 (PAG) 体积,但在HR小鼠中降低了它,表明了相互作用.
结论:
- 在HR小鼠中,高运动表型与增加的RN和海马体积有关.
- 仅仅慢性炼并不能诱导在选择性繁殖HR小鼠中观察到的特定神经解剖变化.
- 与运动有关的神经解剖学适应可能是由遗传选择驱动的,而不是仅仅由身体活动驱动的.
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