基于暴露和生态场景 (ERA-EES) 的前性生态风险评估方法,以确定金属采矿区周围的土壤生态风险
Li Qian1, Yajuan Shi1, Qiuyun Xu1
1State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
The Science of the total environment
|August 21, 2023
概括
一种新的生态风险评估 (ERA) 方法在采样前预测金属采矿区 (MMA) 附近的土壤重金属 (HM) 污染. 这种具有成本效益的方法有助于管理采矿活动带来的风险.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 风险评估 风险评估
- 地质化学 地质化学
背景情况:
- 在金属开采区 (MMA) 附近的土壤重金属 (HM) 污染构成了全球环境挑战.
- 传统的生态风险评估 (ERA) 是昂贵且耗时的,阻碍了许多MMA的有效管理.
- 需要具有成本效益的,可预测的方法来评估与HM污染相关的生态风险.
研究的目的:
- 根据暴露和生态场景 (ERA-EES) 开发一种新的前性生态风险评估方法.
- 为了在广泛的现场采样和化学分析之前,能够预测MMA的生态风险水平 (低/中/高).
- 提供一个工具,以高效和成本效益的风险管理HM污染在MMAs.
主要方法:
- 选择了5个暴露场景指标,用于土壤HM暴露,以及3个生态场景指标,用于土壤生物受体反应.
- 整合了分析层次流程和模糊的综合评估方法,用于ERA-EES的开发.
- 通过案例应用和在中国67个MMA的绩效评估验证了ERA-EES方法.
主要成果:
- 与潜在生态风险指数 (PERI) 相比,ERA-EES方法证明了有效和保守的性能.
- 在预测生态风险水平方面取得了0.87的准确性和0.7的kappa系数.
- 确定了需要增加监管关注的特定MMA (有色金属,地下/长期采矿,中国南部).
结论:
- 开发的ERA-EES方法有效地反映了采矿活动造成的HM污染风险水平.
- 该方法为未来的ERA提供了一个方便且具有成本效益的解决方案,与分层和精细评估趋势保持一致.
- 为全球多样化的MMA提供了改进的风险管理策略.
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