年轻三项运动员在热带气候竞赛期间的水分和表现
Anita M Rivera-Brown1, Patricia Pagán-Lassalle2
1Center for Sports Health and Exercise Sciences, Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine and Department of Physiology, University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan,Puerto Rico.
Pediatric exercise science
|August 21, 2023
概括
在热带竞赛中的年轻三项运动员经历了脱水和核心温度升高. 尽管有可用的液体,但他们失去了大量的体重,影响了表现,尽管没有报告热病症状.
科学领域:
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 环境生理学环境生理学
背景情况:
- 了解水分和热调节对于运动表现至关重要,特别是在炎热和潮湿的条件下.
- 参与三项运动的青少年运动员在比赛期间面临着独特的生理挑战.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究在热带竞赛期间年轻三项运动员的液体摄入模式.
- 为了检查身体质量损失和运动表现之间的关系.
- 为了评估青少年三项运动员在竞争,热带条件下的核心体温变化.
主要方法:
- 在35名青少年三项运动员中测量了液体摄入量和比赛前和比赛后的体重.
- 监测了一个男性和一个女性参与者的核心体温.
- 分析了尿液的特异重量,以评估醒来时的水分状态.
主要成果:
- 运动员在醒来时表现出低于最佳的水分 (尿液比重为1.024).
- 身体质量损失平均为0.6公斤,其中66%的体重损失≥1.0%,29%的体重损失≥1.5%.
- 流体摄入量 (528.5毫升) 仅取代了估计流体损失的47% (1184.9毫升);在跑步期间的摄入量高于自行车.
- 男人显示体质损失和完成时间 (r = -52) 之间存在中度负相关性,出汗率更高,时间更快.
- 女性的核心体温升至40.1°C,男性的核心体温升至39.6°C.
结论:
- 在炎热/潮湿气候下的年轻三项运动员在比赛期间经历了轻度至中度脱水和高温症.
- 尽管有流体供应,但水分需求并未得到充分满足,导致显著的体重损失.
- 虽然生理上的压力是显而易见的,但参与者没有发展出强迫性热病的症状.
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