认知努力投资:情绪是否会变成行动?
Corinna Kührt1, Sven-Thomas Graupner1, Philipp C Paulus2
1Faculty of Psychology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
PloS one
|August 22, 2023
概括
处置性认知努力投资或挑战性思维的驱动力较高的个体,表现出更高效的努力. 他们基于任务需求而投入精力,而不仅仅是基于潜在的回报.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 行为经济学是一种行为经济学.
背景情况:
- 处置性认知努力投资,包括对认知和自我控制的需求,预测了对具有挑战性的任务的偏好.
- 处置性认知努力投资与实际的,可测量的努力之间的关系仍然未得到充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 研究 dispositional 认知努力投资如何与在苛刻的任务中认知努力的客观测量有关.
- 为了确定在分配努力时,具有高认知力度的个人是否优先考虑任务需求而不是潜在的回报.
主要方法:
- 使用多个指标测量实际的认知力度:主观负荷,反应时间,准确性,正面中线的西塔功率,N2和P3振幅,以及瞳孔扩张.
- 在148名参与者中利用了侧翼和n-back任务,操纵了需求和回报.
- 探索性地检查了子维度:认知动机和努力的自我控制.
主要成果:
- 努力指数对任务需求和在某种程度上对回报都很敏感.
- 认知努力的投资显著影响了n-back任务的准确性.
- 收益与反应时间和P3振幅 (n-back) 的力度相互作用,而需求则影响了前部中线西塔功率 (侧面).
结论:
- 结果部分支持高处置性认知努力投资导致更有效的努力分配.
- 研究结果表明,具有高认知努力投资的个体可能会不管收益如何,都会付出努力,特别是当要求很高时.
- 这项研究阐明了影响目标导向行为的努力的人与情况的相互作用.
更多相关视频
07:43Author Spotlight: A Novel Setup to Conduct Naturalistic Laboratory Experiments with Real Human Actors in Scenarios
Published on: August 4, 2023
2.0K
05:48The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients
Published on: June 12, 2020
5.8K
相关概念视频
01:38Cognitive Dissonance
32.7K
Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
32.7K
01:21Cognitive Learning
421
Cognitive learning is based on purposive behavior, incidental learning, and insight learning.
E. C. Tolman's theory of purposive behavior emphasizes that much behavior is goal-directed. He argued that to understand behavior, we must look at the entire sequence of actions leading to a goal. For instance, high school students study hard, not just due to past reinforcement but also to achieve the goal of getting into a good college.
Tolman introduced the idea that behavior is influenced by...
E. C. Tolman's theory of purposive behavior emphasizes that much behavior is goal-directed. He argued that to understand behavior, we must look at the entire sequence of actions leading to a goal. For instance, high school students study hard, not just due to past reinforcement but also to achieve the goal of getting into a good college.
Tolman introduced the idea that behavior is influenced by...
421
02:45Self-Discrepancy Theory
18.4K
One influential perspective on what motivates people's behavior is detailed in Tory Higgin's self-discrepancy theory (Higgins, 1987). He proposed that people hold disagreeing internal representations of themselves that lead to different emotional states.
18.4K
01:20Lazarus's Cognitive Appraisal Theory
287
Cognitive psychologist Richard Lazarus proposed the cognitive-mediational theory of emotions, which emphasizes how individuals' assessments of stressors significantly affect their experience of stress. According to Lazarus, the stress response is determined by a two-step appraisal process: primary appraisal and secondary appraisal. These cognitive appraisals help individuals evaluate the potential impact of a stressor and determine the adequacy of their coping resources.
Primary Appraisal:...
Primary Appraisal:...
287
01:30Social Cognitive Perspective on Personality
575
Social cognitive perspectives on personality emphasize the importance of conscious awareness, beliefs, expectations, and goals in shaping behavior. These perspectives incorporate behaviorist principles, such as learning through reinforcement and conditioning, but extend beyond them by highlighting human reasoning and planning. Unlike traditional behaviorist views, social cognitive theory focuses on how individuals reflect on their past experiences and plan for future outcomes by considering...
575
01:26Metacognition
199
Metacognition is a conscious process where individuals are aware of their cognitive and executive processes, such as planning before solving a problem or self-monitoring during reading. For instance, a writer may need help with composing a piece. The situation involves a writer who is working on a piece of writing, but while doing so, they realize that something is missing. They notice that their characters lack depth or details. This realization occurs because the writer is reflecting on their...
199