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在COVID-19期间,大规模的MPA中非法捕捞动态的变化

Claire Collins¹, Chris Kerry¹, Asha de Vos²

¹Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London NW1 4RY, UK; Centre for Ecology and Conservation, Faculty of Environment, Science and Economy, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall TR10 9FE, UK.

Current biology : CB

|August 22, 2023

概括

像COVID-19流行病这样的全球性冲击增加了海洋保护区 (MPA) 的非法捕鱼. 非法捕捞活动的激增凸显了适应性管理和区域合作的必要性,以保护脆弱的海洋生态系统.

科学领域:

海洋保护海洋保护
渔业管理渔业管理
社会生态系统社会生态系统

背景情况:

全球社会生态冲击,以COVID-19大流行为例,可以通过改变资源用户行为来破坏海洋保护工作.
将政府优先事项从环境保护转移到公共卫生方面,可能导致保护区的法规执法减少.
在大型海洋保护区 (MPA) 内非法捕捞的增加是一个重大问题,因为它们的广泛全球覆盖.

研究的目的:

在全球社会生态冲击之后,量化印度洋MPA特定区域内非法渔业活动的变化.
评估非法渔业观察到的变化对海洋保护和MPA管理的影响.
提出适应性管理策略和合作解决方案,以打击MPA中的非法捕鱼.

主要方法:

在印度洋MPA中涉嫌非法渔船存在的比较分析.
在2022年和2010-2020年期间之间收集和比较数据.
针对非法捕捞活动的物种类型的定性评估.

主要成果:

观察到涉嫌非法渔船的数量大幅增加,在2022年平均每月有19艘船只,而从2010年到2020年平均每月只有1艘船只.
该研究发现,来自印度的船只的数量急剧增加,这些船只准了各种各样的珊瑚礁相关物种.
远程监控等技术解决方案虽然有效,但对于许多海洋保护区而言,这些解决方案往往在经济和政治上是不可行的.

结论:

在没有广泛的适应性管理策略的情况下,在MPA内非法渔业活动的变化可能会长期存在.
有效的解决方案需要重新关注区域合作,正式的双边协议和更多的社区倡议.
解决非法捕捞问题需要特定于环境的适应性管理计划,这些计划不仅仅是技术修复.

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