由环境传播的寄生虫引起的密度独立下降
Scott Carver1, Zachary M Lewin1, Leah G Burgess1
1Department of Biological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia.
Biology letters
|August 22, 2023
概括
肉眼导致裸鼻巴的数量下降了80%,这与人口密度无关. 超过25%的病发病率表明,未来蝙蝠数量下降的风险很高.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 寄生虫学的寄生虫学
- 野生动物疾病 野生动物疾病
背景情况:
- 通过环境传播的寄生虫可以导致宿主数量下降,无论宿主密度如何.
- 在自然种群中,这种密度独立的下降很少被记录在案.
- 刺骨 (由*Sarcoptes scabiei*引起) 是一种侵袭性寄生虫,影响着虫种群.
研究的目的:
- 调查塔斯马尼亚一个正在下降的裸鼻 (*Vombatus ursinus*) 种群中的流行病学特征.
- 审查现有的wombat-mange研究,以了解宿主种群下降的触发因素.
- 为了确定的流行是否可以预测人口层面的影响.
主要方法:
- 在塔斯马尼亚中部,对一群裸鼻巴进行了为期7年的纵向研究.
- 监测种群大小,范围和病发病率.
- 纵向研究的文献综述wombat-mange的研究.
主要成果:
- 蝙蝠数量在7年内下降了80%,范围缩减了55%.
- 平均明显发病率为27%,并在整个研究期间保持高水平.
- 尽管宿主丰度下降,但人口下降仍在继续,这表明密度独立的影响.
- 当的流行率超过25%时,蝙蝠种群就会面临风险.
结论:
- 环境传染的寄生虫,如,可以驱动密度独立的宿主种群下降.
- 蔓延率超过25%可能会作为即将发生的威胁裸鼻马种群的流行病的指标.
- 这项研究提供了一个潜在的门,用于识别受影响的wombat种群中的保护威胁.
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