患有自闭症的幼儿的语音接收通过神经振荡合异常被选择性地索引
Xiaoyue Wang1,2, Jaime Delgado3, Silvia Marchesotti3
1Auditory Language Group, Department of Basic Neuroscience, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland, 1202 xiaoyue.wang@unige.ch.
概括
患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的非常小的孩子表现出改变的大脑波模式,特别是在他们的大脑如何处理语言方面. 这些神经振荡差异预测ASD儿童的语音接收困难.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 语音语言病理学 语言病理学
背景情况:
- 沟通困难,特别是语音接收,是自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的核心特征.
- 患有自闭症的幼儿语言处理缺陷的潜在神经机制在很大程度上是未知的.
- 非典型的神经振荡模式,特别是交叉频率合,可能会破坏大脑处理语音理解所必需的动态听觉信息的能力.
研究的目的:
- 在自然主义语音处理过程中调查被诊断为ASD的非常年幼儿童的神经振荡异常.
- 为了确定特定的振荡模式是否预测这个人群中语音接收能力的个体差异.
- 探索潜在的早期生物标志物用于ASD的语言困难.
主要方法:
- 从64名非常年幼的儿童 (有或没有自闭症) 收集了脑电图 (EEG) 数据,同时听取连续的语音.
- 分析的重点是与语音处理相关的三角 (δ),β和 (γ) 频段的功率变化.
- 检查了交叉频率合,特别是theta/gamma (θ/γ) 和beta/gamma (β/γ),控制了目光模式.
主要成果:
- 与典型发育的儿童相比,患有自闭症的儿童在δ,低γ和β频段的EEG功率降低.
- 在患有自闭症的儿童中,通过 δ 和 θ 振荡来跟踪语言的神经跟踪功能较弱.
- 非典型的β/γ合取代了ASD儿童的典型 θ/γ合,这种异常是个体语音接收缺陷的最强预测因素.
结论:
- 在诊断时,患有自闭症的非常年轻儿童在语音处理过程中神经振荡活动的显著变化.
- 被破坏的等级处理,以改变的 θ/γ 合表示,在ASD早期存在.
- 低γ和低β振荡之间的异常协调预测了语音接收缺陷,这表明了早期干预的潜在目标.
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