孩子们什么时候以及如何解决天气预报任务?
Emilie Bochud-Fragnière1, Pierre Lavenex1, Pamela Banta Lavenex1,2
1Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Development, Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Developmental psychobiology
|August 22, 2023
概括
儿童从中到晚年发展天气预测任务 (WPT) 解决策略. 年长的孩子和成年人使用复杂的条件策略,不像年轻的孩子依赖更简单的方法.
科学领域:
- 认知发展 认知发展
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
背景情况:
- 成年人使用记忆依赖的策略来解决天气预报任务 (WPT).
- 之前关于儿童WPT表现的研究缺乏详细的认知过程分析.
研究的目的:
- 确定儿童可以解决WPT的最低年龄.
- 在WPT解决策略中识别与年龄相关的变化.
主要方法:
- 对3-12岁的儿童和成年人进行了修改版WPT的测试.
- 分析了基于提示-结果关联的性能,以推断策略.
主要成果:
- 3-5.5岁的孩子没有解决这个问题.
- 5.5-7.5岁的孩子使用了简单的策略,专注于最具预测性的线索.
- 7.5-12岁的孩子和成年人采用了有条件的等级策略,优先考虑高度预测的线索.
结论:
- WPT解决策略通过童年成熟.
- 开发条件策略与海马体依赖的记忆系统成熟相关.
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