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相关概念视频

Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

14.4K
Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
14.4K
Crystal Growth: Principles of Crystallization01:25

Crystal Growth: Principles of Crystallization

2.1K
Crystallization is a phase transformation process in which crystals are precipitated from a supersaturated solution or formed from other sources. During crystallization, atoms or molecules arrange themselves into a well-defined, rigid crystal lattice to minimize energy.
Initiating crystallization involves manipulating the concentration of the solute and the temperature of the solution. Since crystal growth occurs when the ratio of concentration and solubility of the solute in the solvent...
2.1K
Structures of Solids02:22

Structures of Solids

14.3K
Solids in which the atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite repeating pattern are known as crystalline solids. Metals and ionic compounds typically form ordered, crystalline solids. A crystalline solid has a precise melting temperature because each atom or molecule of the same type is held in place with the same forces or energy. Amorphous solids or non-crystalline solids (or, sometimes, glasses) which lack an ordered internal structure and are randomly arranged. Substances that...
14.3K
Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes02:46

Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes

42.9K
Tetrahedral Complexes
Crystal field theory (CFT) is applicable to molecules in geometries other than octahedral. In octahedral complexes, the lobes of the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals point directly at the ligands. For tetrahedral complexes, the d orbitals remain in place, but with only four ligands located between the axes. None of the orbitals points directly at the tetrahedral ligands. However, the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals (along the Cartesian axes) overlap with the ligands less than the dxy,...
42.9K
Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations01:26

Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

13
Renal calculi, commonly termed kidney stones, are crystalline solid masses that form in the kidneys but can occur at any point within the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.The pathophysiology of renal stones involves several key factors: supersaturation of the urine with stone-forming constituents, changes in urine pH, a decrease in urine volume, and the presence of substances that promote or inhibit stone formation.Supersaturation of Urine: This is the...
13
Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes

26.7K
Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
26.7K

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相关实验视频

Updated: Jul 18, 2025

Estimation of Urinary Nanocrystals in Humans using Calcium Fluorophore Labeling and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis
07:45

Estimation of Urinary Nanocrystals in Humans using Calcium Fluorophore Labeling and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis

Published on: February 9, 2021

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病理性的晶体结构.

Kenneth N Raymond1, Gregory S Girolami2

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.

Acta crystallographica. Section C, Structural chemistry
|August 23, 2023
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

解释晶体结构分析需要结晶学和化学知识,因为软件本身无法检测所有错误. 在公布的结构中识别常见的错误对于准确的科学数据至关重要.

关键词:
原子的错误分配 原子的错误分配检查CIF 如果CIF结晶学错误是因为结晶学错误.没有秩序的客分子分子.错误的细胞大小 错误的细胞大小错误的建模是错误的错误的空间组错误的空间组

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Microcrystallography of Protein Crystals and In Cellulo Diffraction
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Microcrystallography of Protein Crystals and In Cellulo Diffraction

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Crystallizing Membrane Proteins for Structure Determination using Lipidic Mesophases
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Crystallizing Membrane Proteins for Structure Determination using Lipidic Mesophases

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相关实验视频

Last Updated: Jul 18, 2025

Estimation of Urinary Nanocrystals in Humans using Calcium Fluorophore Labeling and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis
07:45

Estimation of Urinary Nanocrystals in Humans using Calcium Fluorophore Labeling and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis

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Microcrystallography of Protein Crystals and In Cellulo Diffraction
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Microcrystallography of Protein Crystals and In Cellulo Diffraction

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Crystallizing Membrane Proteins for Structure Determination using Lipidic Mesophases
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Crystallizing Membrane Proteins for Structure Determination using Lipidic Mesophases

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科学领域:

  • 晶体学 晶体学是指结晶学.
  • 化学分析 化学分析
  • 结构化学 结构化学

背景情况:

  • 晶体结构分析技术已经显著进步.
  • 在分析晶体学数据时,人类的解释仍然至关重要.
  • 当前的软件工具可以识别一些错误,但不是所有的错误.

研究的目的:

  • 为了突出公布的晶体结构分析中的常见错误.
  • 强调结合晶体学和化学知识的必要性,以检测错误.
  • 为了教育研究人员识别潜在的有缺陷的结构数据.

主要方法:

  • 从已出版的晶体学文献中对错误进行审查和分类.
  • 分析具体的例子,说明常见的陷.
  • 讨论从错误的晶体结构确定中学到的教训.

主要成果:

  • 确定的错误类别包括化学错误,原子错误分配,以及不当的空间组或单元细胞选择.
  • 证明尽管晶体学技术进步,但错误仍然存在.
  • 突出了"病理结构"的具体案例研究.

结论:

  • 晶体结构不应该被认为是无误的;批判性评估是必要的.
  • 结晶学和化学的综合理解对于强大的数据解释至关重要.
  • 了解常见的错误类型有助于检测和防止有缺陷的结构分析.