食物传播性肉毒杆菌,加拿大,2006-2021年
Emerging infectious diseases
|August 23, 2023
概括
从2006年到2021年,加拿大经历了55次由食物传播的肉毒病爆发 (67例). 虽然土著社区的发病率下降,但E型神经毒素是最常见的,误诊仍然是一个问题.
科学领域:
- 食物传播疾病流行病学
- 公共卫生监督是对公共卫生的监督.
- 传染病的爆发 传染病的爆发
背景情况:
- 食物传播的肉毒是一种严重的公共卫生风险,其特点是严重的神经麻性疾病.
- 监测数据对于了解疾病趋势和告知预防策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 分析2006年至2021年期间在加拿大实验室确认的食物传播肉毒主义疫情的流行病学.
- 确定发病率,致病因子和患者结果的趋势,重点关注土著社区的变化.
主要方法:
- 2006年至2021年在加拿大报告的经实验室确认的食物传播肉毒主义疫情的回顾性分析.
- 收集关于病例数,地理分布,肉毒神经毒素血清型,涉及的食品和患者人口统计数据的数据.
- 对临床数据的审查,包括住院治疗,重症监护病房入院,机械通风和死亡率.
主要成果:
- 报告共有55次爆发和67例病例,平均每年发病率为每10万人口0.01.
- 在土著社区中,食物传播的肉毒虫害病例减少到46%的病例,而在1990-2005年为85%.
- 毒神经毒素E型导致52%的病例;A型与更长的住院和重症监护有关. 四次爆发涉及商业产品,包括胡卜汁. 据报道,有7人死亡.
结论:
- 尽管土著社区的病例有所减少,但食物传播的肉毒虫病仍然是加拿大的担忧.
- 甲型肉毒神经毒素的临床负担比乙型或乙型更大.
- 提高临床医生的意识对于改善诊断,协助调查和优化患者治疗至关重要.
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