儿科抗生素使用的动态 在肺炎球菌结合剂疫苗接种后,高处方和低处方诊所之间的差异
Dana Danino1, Bart Adriaan van der Beek2, Noga Givon-Lavi1
1Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University, Beer Sheva, Israel; The Pediatric Infectious Disease Unit, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel.
The Journal of pediatrics
|August 23, 2023
概括
肺炎球菌合疫苗 (PCV) 显著减少了5岁以下儿童的抗生素处方,特别是在处方量较高的诊所. 这种疫苗的使用有助于缩小抗生素处方率高低之间的差距,促进了明智的抗生素使用.
科学领域:
- 儿童传染病 儿童传染病
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 抗微生物药物管理管理
背景情况:
- 儿童过度使用抗生素有助于抗药性.
- 肺炎球菌合疫苗 (PCV) 已被实施,以减少感染.
- 在不同诊所和不同种族群体的抗生素处方率中存在差异.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较PCV实施后的口服抗生素处方率 (DAPRs).
- 分析高抗生素处方诊所 (HPC) 和低抗生素处方诊所 (LPC) 中的DAPR.
- 评估5岁以下的犹太和贝都因儿童之间的DAPR差异.
主要方法:
- 对2005-2018年临床数据的回顾性分析.
- 根据不同种族群体的DAPR中位数定义HPC和LPC.
- 利用中断时间序列分析月度DAPR趋势,并计算出发病率比率.
主要成果:
- 贝都伊人HPC在PCV前的DAPR最高,其次是犹太人的HPC,贝都伊人LPC和犹太人的LPC.
- 在PCV后的所有群体中,除犹太LPC外,DAPR下降,在4-5年内稳定.
- DAPR下降的幅度与PCV前的下降率成正比,大大缩小了HPC和LPC之间的差距.
结论:
- PCVs有效地减少了幼儿的门诊抗生素消耗.
- 在HPC中,PCV的影响更为明显,这表明PCV在促进合理使用抗生素方面发挥了作用.
- 与PCV相关的呼吸道疾病减少可能导致抗生素处方减少.
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