跨年龄段的孤独与移民相关的不平等:欧洲跨国比较研究
1Department of Sociology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. Katrijn.Delaruelle@UGent.be.
European journal of ageing
|August 23, 2023
概括
移民背景的个人更容易感到孤独,尤其是第一代移民. 这种孤独差距在年轻人和具有积极移民态度的国家中更大.
科学领域:
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 移民是一个日益增长的全球现象,具有重大的社会和心理后果.
- 孤独是一个普遍的问题,特别是在弱势群体中,影响着整体幸福感.
- 了解移民,世代地位和孤独的交叉关系对于有针对性的干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查移民背景,世代地位和孤独之间的关系.
- 检查年龄段和国家融合政策如何影响与移民相关的孤独感.
- 确定特定的移民子组,他们面临更高的孤独风险.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自欧洲社会调查 (第5,6和7轮) 的数据,其中包括来自26个国家的121,835名受访者.
- 采用了物流多层模型来分析移民状况,世代背景,年龄和孤独之间的关联.
- 评估的孤独使用单项措施从流行病学研究中心抑郁症尺度.
主要成果:
- 与非移民相比,具有移民背景的个人报告了更高的孤独程度.
- 18岁以后到达的第一代移民比早期到达者更容易受到孤独的伤害.
- 第二代移民报告的孤独感比第一代移民低,但比非移民高.
- 孤独差异在年轻人 (18-34岁) 和具有积极移民态度的国家中更为明显.
- 国家融合政策和公众态度显著缓解了与移民相关的孤独感.
结论:
- 移民给心理健康带来了持续的挑战,表现为跨世代和不同年龄段的孤独感增加.
- 关于移民群体中孤独感的研究应该超越老年人,包括年轻人群.
- 虽然欢迎移民的态度是积极的,但矛盾的是,他们可能会扩大孤独的差距,需要进一步调查潜在的机制.
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