在乳腺癌临床实践中实施共享决策干预措施:范围审查
Natalia Oprea1, Vittoria Ardito2, Oriana Ciani2
1Centre for Research on Health and Social Care Management (CeRGAS), SDA Bocconi School of Management, Milan, 20136, Italy. natalia.oprea@sdabocconi.it.
乳腺癌护理中成功的共享决策 (SDM) 需要的不仅仅是工具;它需要用户参与,团队支持和组织资源. 实施挑战来自于忽视护理途径和资源分配.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 医疗保健管理的管理
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 共享决策 (SDM) 通过将患者的价值观纳入治疗选择来赋予患者权力.
- 乳腺癌护理已经增加了治疗选择和干预措施,如患者决策辅助器 (PtDAs),以支持SDM.
- 了解影响SDM干预措施采用的因素对于在临床实践中有效实施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查影响乳腺癌治疗中SDM干预措施成功采用和实施的因素.
- 通过范围审查,分析SDM干预措施在临床实践中的支持和采用情况.
- 通过实用,稳健实施和可持续性模型 (PRISM) 的镜头来解释研究结果.
主要方法:
- 进行了2006-2021年科学和灰色文献的范围审查.
- 分析了19项研究,重点关注乳腺癌护理中的SDM干预措施.
- 利用PRISM模型来解释研究与实践的整合.
主要成果:
- 单靠SDM工具无法保证临床使用;成功的采用取决于用户的共同创作,临床医生的态度,组织支持和法规.
- 忽视护理途径重组,患者特征和资源分配 (人力,财务,设施) 可能会阻碍实施.
- 其中19项研究中有超过70%的研究自2017年以来发表,这表明越来越多的兴趣.
结论:
- 在日常乳腺癌护理中持续实施SDM不仅需要有效性的证据,还需要实用策略.
- 结果强调了将SDM干预措施嵌入到临床实践中的各种方法.
- 未来的研究应该评估不同实施策略的有效性,考虑组织和外部因素,包括成本和医疗保健系统设置.
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