表观基因分歧与Arabidopsis paralogs中的序列多态性相关
Sunil K Kenchanmane Raju1, Mariele Lensink2, Daniel J Kliebenstein2
1Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
The New phytologist
|August 24, 2023
概括
表观遗传标记影响了基因进化. 具有特定甲基化模式的基因表现出不同的序列多态度率,影响了Arabidopsis thaliana中的基因重复的进化.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 表观遗传学 在表观遗传学中,表观遗传学是指表观遗传学.
背景情况:
- 序列多态度率对于基因复制进化至关重要.
- 基因活动和序列多态性影响基因重复的维持.
- 表观遗传修饰,如DNA甲基化,与基因表达和进化过程有关.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查Arabidopsis thaliana中的表观基因组相关的多态度率.
- 为了确定这些速率是否会影响基因复制物的进化.
- 探索基因表达,表观遗传学和多态性之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 基因根据表子甲基化模式进行分类:未甲基化 (unM),基因体甲基化 (gbM) 和转子子子样甲基化 (teM).
- 在这些基因类别中比较了序列多态度频率和遗传差异化.
- 在基因复制中分析的模式与全基因组趋势一致.
主要成果:
- 多态性频率在teM (转录抑制) 基因中较高,在gbM (活跃表达) 基因中较低.
- 显示teM的基因复制品积累了更多的变异,并且进化得更快.
- 有teM的基因显示与减少DNA修复相关的染色质状态.
结论:
- 多态化率的表观基因组介导变异影响了基因重复的进化轨迹.
- 这种变异可能会破坏维持遗传冗余的稳定状态,有利于新功能化.
- 多态的表观遗传调节可以促进新型基因功能在paralogs中的进化.
相关概念视频
Gene Duplication and Divergence
6.2K
The seminal work of Ohno in 1970 popularized the idea of gene duplication and divergence. DNA sequence comparison studies reveal that a large portion of the genes in bacteria, archaebacteria, and eukaryotes was generated by gene duplication and divergence, indicating its critical role in evolution.
The duplicated copies of the gene are called Paralogs. Paralogs with similar sequences and functions form a gene family. Across several species, a large number of gene families are...
The duplicated copies of the gene are called Paralogs. Paralogs with similar sequences and functions form a gene family. Across several species, a large number of gene families are...
6.2K
Gene Families
8.9K
Gene families consist of groups of genes proposed to have originated from a common ancestor. Typically these arise through events in which a gene or genes are mistakenly duplicated during cell division. Unlike their parent genes (which are subject to selection pressure to maintain function), these gene copies do not need to preserve their sequences and may evolve at a relatively faster rate.
Occasionally these regions can be adapted to take on new roles within the organism, becoming novel genes...
Occasionally these regions can be adapted to take on new roles within the organism, becoming novel genes...
8.9K
Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons
5.8K
Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
5.8K
Formation of Species
39.4K
Speciation describes the formation of one or more new species from one or sometimes multiple original species. The resulting species are discrete from the parent species, and barriers to reproduction will typically exist. There are two primary mechanisms, speciation with and without geographic isolation—allopatric and sympatric speciation, respectively.
39.4K
Cis-regulatory Sequences
9.9K
Cis-regulatory sequences are short fragments of non-coding DNA that are present on the same chromosomes as the genes that they regulate. These fragments serve as binding sites for transcriptional regulators, proteins that are responsible for controlling gene transcription and differential gene expression across cell types in eukaryotes. Cis-regulatory sequences can be close to the gene of interest or thousands of bases away in the DNA sequence; however, those sequences that are further away are...
9.9K
Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?
7.2K
The genomes of eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of sequence which do not code for proteins or RNAs. Although some of these regions do contain crucial regulatory sequences, the vast majority of this DNA serves no known function. Typically, these regions of the genome are the ones in which the fastest change, in evolutionary terms, is observed, because there is typically little to no selection pressure acting on these regions to preserve their sequences.
In contrast, regions which code...
In contrast, regions which code...
7.2K


